A 20-year-old woman with a history of asthma presents with symptoms of wheezing and shortness of breath triggered by cold air. She is prescribed albuterol. Which of the following best describes the me
Anonymous Quiz
9%
A) Activation of muscarinic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle
0%
B) Blockade of leukotriene receptors
87%
C) Stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle
4%
D) Inhibition of phospholipase A2
Which of the following medications is most effective for reducing airway inflammation in a patient with persistent asthma?
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A) Salmeterol
13%
B) Prednisone
0%
C) Albuterol
83%
D) Inhaled corticosteroids
A 45-year-old man with poorly controlled asthma is started on montelukast. Which of the following is a key property of this medication?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
A) Direct bronchodilator activity
77%
B) Antagonism of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors
5%
C) Inhibition of mast cell degranulation
5%
D) Stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors
A pediatric patient with asthma is prescribed cromolyn. What is the primary limitation of this medication?
Anonymous Quiz
10%
A) Risk of tachycardia
70%
B) Short duration of action requiring frequent dosing
5%
C) Significant systemic absorption
15%
D) Ineffectiveness in reducing airway inflammation
A patient with severe COPD is prescribed roflumilast. Which of the following side effects is most commonly associated with this medication?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
A) Dry mouth
71%
B) Nausea and diarrhea
0%
C) Tachycardia
5%
D) Hyperkalemia
A 70-year-old man with COPD experiences inadequate symptom relief with salmeterol. His physician adds tiotropium to his regimen. What is the primary rationale for this combination?
Anonymous Quiz
6%
A) Increased mucociliary clearance
17%
B) Synergistic bronchodilation
6%
C) Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects
72%
D)All of the above
A 40-year-old woman with persistent asthma develops oral thrush after starting a new medication. Which of the following is most likely responsible for this adverse effect?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A) Salmeterol
9%
B) Montelukast
82%
C) Inhaled corticosteroids
5%
D) Cromolyn sodium
A patient with asthma reports hand tremors after increasing the use of her rescue inhaler. Which of the following explains this adverse effect?
Anonymous Quiz
40%
A) Stimulation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors
0%
B) Overactivation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
5%
C) Increased central nervous system activation
55%
D) Beta-2 mediated stimulation of skeletal muscle
A patient with asthma is prescribed zileuton. What should be monitored periodically during therapy?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A) Serum potassium levels
86%
B) Hepatic enzyme levels
14%
C) Pulmonary function tests
0%
D) Serum glucose levels
A 65-year-old woman with a history of chronic bronchitis is started on roflumilast. What is the primary therapeutic effect of this medication?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
A) Bronchodilation
12%
B) Mucus clearance
59%
C) Reduction in COPD exacerbations
6%
D) Suppression of cough reflex
Which of the following adverse effects is most commonly associated with long-term use of systemic corticosteroids in severe asthma?
Anonymous Quiz
45%
A) Adrenal suppression
10%
B) Hyperkalemia
45%
C) Oropharyngeal candidiasis
0%
D) Hepatotoxicity
What is the primary difference between albuterol and salmeterol in terms of their pharmacologic properties?
Anonymous Quiz
79%
A) Salmeterol has a longer duration of action
16%
B) Albuterol has greater beta-2 selectivity
5%
C) Salmeterol is more effective for acute exacerbations
0%
D) Albuterol has stronger anti-inflammatory properties
The preferred first-line treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A)Fermetrol +Albuterol
33%
B)ICS+Fermetrol
56%
C)Salmetrol +Tiotropium
11%
D)More than one answer is correct
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines classify COPD severity based on:
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A) Age of onset
76%
B) Post-bronchodilator FEV₁/FVC ratio
5%
C) Smoking history
14%
D) Pre-bronchodilator FEV₁ only
What is the preferred treatment for group E COPD patients per GOLD guidelines?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A) SABA monotherapy
61%
B) LABA + LAMA+ICS in Patients with eosinophil count <300 cells/μL
33%
C) LAMA + LABA
6%
D) More than one answer is correct
In the GOLD 2024 strategy, COPD is classified based on:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A) Only spirometry results
100%
B) FEV₁, exacerbation history, and symptoms
0%
C) Biomarkers and comorbidities
0%
D) dyspnea alone
Which assessment tool is recommended by GOLD to evaluate COPD symptoms?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
A) Asthma Control Test (ACT)
100%
B) Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale or COPD Assessment Test (CAT)
0%
C) Spirometry only
0%
D) Peak flow measurements
What is the GOLD recommendation for pharmacological treatment in Group A COPD?
Anonymous Quiz
83%
A) As-needed bronchodilators
11%
B) ICS + LABA
6%
C) Triple therapy (ICS + LABA + LAMA)
0%
D) Long-term antibiotics