A toy RTOS inside Super Mario Bros. using emulator save states (Score: 150+ in 6 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6veXt
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6veXt
This started as a throwaway metaphor in a blog post, but is now fully runnable: a toy RTOS with preemptive multitasking inside of Super Mario Bros. on the NES.
Essentially, this is:
- A rudimentary preemptive RTOS
- Using an unmodified NES emulator (FCEUX) as the CPU
- With emulator save states as the thread contexts
- With support for (very basic) mutexes, interrupt masking, and condition variables
- Demonstrated using Super Mario Bros. 1-1 with sections of the map dedicated to various synchronization primitives
There are many simplifications and shortcuts taken (doesn't even have task priorities), and it doesn't map 1:1 to true multithreading (e.g., emulator save states represent the state of the entire machine including RAM, whereas thread contexts represent a much more minimal slice), but I think it's A) pretty interesting and B) a unique visceral explanation of threads.
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6veXt
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6veXt
This started as a throwaway metaphor in a blog post, but is now fully runnable: a toy RTOS with preemptive multitasking inside of Super Mario Bros. on the NES.
Essentially, this is:
- A rudimentary preemptive RTOS
- Using an unmodified NES emulator (FCEUX) as the CPU
- "Unmodified" depending on how you define terms
- With emulator save states as the thread contexts
- With support for (very basic) mutexes, interrupt masking, and condition variables
- Demonstrated using Super Mario Bros. 1-1 with sections of the map dedicated to various synchronization primitives
There are many simplifications and shortcuts taken (doesn't even have task priorities), and it doesn't map 1:1 to true multithreading (e.g., emulator save states represent the state of the entire machine including RAM, whereas thread contexts represent a much more minimal slice), but I think it's A) pretty interesting and B) a unique visceral explanation of threads.
Prettygoodblog
What Threads Are, Part 2
They're Mario Bros. for the NES, apparently.
Show HN: Tesseral – Open-Source Auth (Score: 150+ in 13 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdWD
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdWD
Hi folks! I'm Ulysse, and Tesseral (https://github.com/tesseral-labs/tesseral) is open-source auth for B2B SaaS.
Early in my career, I worked on enterprise auth and security features at Segment. I've been obsessed with the subtle details of enterprise software ever since. For example, I wrote an implementation of SAML in the early days of the COVID pandemic because I thought it was fun.
Over the years, I've felt frustrated that too few people have seemed interested in making auth obvious for developers of business software. Auth really doesn't need to be so confusing.
We made Tesseral to help software engineers get B2B auth exactly right – and focus their energy on building the features that users want.
You can use Tesseral to stand up a login page, authenticate your users, and manage their access to resources. Think of it like Auth0 or Clerk, but open source and built specifically for B2B apps. Among other things, that means that it’s designed for B2B multi-tenancy and includes enterprise-ready features like single sign-on (SAML SSO), multi-factor authentication (MFA), SCIM provisioning, and role-based access control (RBAC).
For those who expose public APIs, you can use Tesseral to manage API keys for your customers. You can even limit the scope of API keys to specific actions by using our RBAC feature.
We've taken care to make Tesseral powerful and secure enough to power real enterprise software but still leave it simple enough for any software developer to use. You don't have to be a security expert to implement Tesseral. (By default, therefore, Tesseral imposes a few opinions. Let us know if you have a good reason to do something unusual, and we'll work something out.)
If you want to experiment with Tesseral, you can host it yourself or use our hosted service. The hosted service lives at https://console.tesseral.com. You can find documentation here: https://tesseral.com/docs.
Here are a few simple demos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhYPzz3vB54
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-JJ8TNjqNU
https://www.youtube.com/watch/vmwthBIRZO8k
We're in the early stages of the project, so we still have some gaps. We have more features, bug fixes, SDKs, and documentation on the way.
What have we missed? What can we do better? We're eager to hear from the community!
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdWD
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdWD
Hi folks! I'm Ulysse, and Tesseral (https://github.com/tesseral-labs/tesseral) is open-source auth for B2B SaaS.
Early in my career, I worked on enterprise auth and security features at Segment. I've been obsessed with the subtle details of enterprise software ever since. For example, I wrote an implementation of SAML in the early days of the COVID pandemic because I thought it was fun.
Over the years, I've felt frustrated that too few people have seemed interested in making auth obvious for developers of business software. Auth really doesn't need to be so confusing.
We made Tesseral to help software engineers get B2B auth exactly right – and focus their energy on building the features that users want.
You can use Tesseral to stand up a login page, authenticate your users, and manage their access to resources. Think of it like Auth0 or Clerk, but open source and built specifically for B2B apps. Among other things, that means that it’s designed for B2B multi-tenancy and includes enterprise-ready features like single sign-on (SAML SSO), multi-factor authentication (MFA), SCIM provisioning, and role-based access control (RBAC).
For those who expose public APIs, you can use Tesseral to manage API keys for your customers. You can even limit the scope of API keys to specific actions by using our RBAC feature.
We've taken care to make Tesseral powerful and secure enough to power real enterprise software but still leave it simple enough for any software developer to use. You don't have to be a security expert to implement Tesseral. (By default, therefore, Tesseral imposes a few opinions. Let us know if you have a good reason to do something unusual, and we'll work something out.)
If you want to experiment with Tesseral, you can host it yourself or use our hosted service. The hosted service lives at https://console.tesseral.com. You can find documentation here: https://tesseral.com/docs.
Here are a few simple demos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhYPzz3vB54
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-JJ8TNjqNU
https://www.youtube.com/watch/vmwthBIRZO8k
We're in the early stages of the project, so we still have some gaps. We have more features, bug fixes, SDKs, and documentation on the way.
What have we missed? What can we do better? We're eager to hear from the community!
GitHub
GitHub - tesseral-labs/tesseral: Open source auth infrastructure for B2B SaaS
Open source auth infrastructure for B2B SaaS. Contribute to tesseral-labs/tesseral development by creating an account on GitHub.
The Blowtorch Theory: A new model for structure formation in the universe (Score: 150+ in 17 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdBf
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdBf
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdBf
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdBf
Theeggandtherock
The Blowtorch Theory: A New Model for Structure Formation in the Universe
How early, sustained, supermassive black hole jets carved out cosmic voids, shaped filaments, and generated magnetic fields
Show HN: Porting Terraria and Celeste to WebAssembly (❄️ Score: 152+ in 2 days)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6v8SZ
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6v8SZ
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6v8SZ
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6v8SZ
velzie.rip
Porting Terraria and Celeste to WebAssembly
Absurdly cursed mono webassembly hacks, and a journey to create a project that definitely shouldn't exist
Visualize and debug Rust programs with a new lens (❄️ Score: 154+ in 3 days)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6v4bF
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6v4bF
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6v4bF
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6v4bF
Show HN: Typed-FFmpeg 3.0–Typed Interface to FFmpeg and Visual Filter Editor (Score: 150+ in 4 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vfSu
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vfSu
Hi HN,
I built typed-ffmpeg, a Python package that lets you build FFmpeg filter graphs with full type safety, autocomplete, and validation. It’s inspired by ffmpeg-python, but addresses some long-standing issues like lack of IDE support and fragile CLI strings.
What’s New in v3.0:
• Source filter support (e.g. color, testsrc, etc.)
• Input stream selection (e.g. [0:a], [1:v])
• A new interactive playground where you can:
• Build filter graphs visually
• Generate both FFmpeg CLI and typed Python code
• Paste existing FFmpeg commands and reverse-parse them into graphs
Playground link: https://livingbio.github.io/typed-ffmpeg-playground/
(It’s open source and runs fully in-browser.)
The internal core also supports converting CLI → graph → typed Python code. This is useful for building educational tools, FFmpeg IDEs, or visual editors.
I’d love feedback, bug reports, or ideas for next steps. If you’ve ever struggled with FFmpeg’s CLI or tried to teach it, this might help.
Thanks!
— David (maintainer)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vfSu
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vfSu
Hi HN,
I built typed-ffmpeg, a Python package that lets you build FFmpeg filter graphs with full type safety, autocomplete, and validation. It’s inspired by ffmpeg-python, but addresses some long-standing issues like lack of IDE support and fragile CLI strings.
What’s New in v3.0:
• Source filter support (e.g. color, testsrc, etc.)
• Input stream selection (e.g. [0:a], [1:v])
• A new interactive playground where you can:
• Build filter graphs visually
• Generate both FFmpeg CLI and typed Python code
• Paste existing FFmpeg commands and reverse-parse them into graphs
Playground link: https://livingbio.github.io/typed-ffmpeg-playground/
(It’s open source and runs fully in-browser.)
The internal core also supports converting CLI → graph → typed Python code. This is useful for building educational tools, FFmpeg IDEs, or visual editors.
I’d love feedback, bug reports, or ideas for next steps. If you’ve ever struggled with FFmpeg’s CLI or tried to teach it, this might help.
Thanks!
— David (maintainer)
GitHub
GitHub - livingbio/typed-ffmpeg: Modern Python FFmpeg wrappers offer comprehensive support for complex filters, complete with detailed…
Modern Python FFmpeg wrappers offer comprehensive support for complex filters, complete with detailed typing and documentation. - livingbio/typed-ffmpeg
Mistral Agents API (Score: 150+ in 1 day)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vaNm
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vaNm
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vaNm
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vaNm
mistral.ai
Build AI agents with the Mistral Agents API | Mistral AI
What If We Had Bigger Brains? Imagining Minds Beyond Ours (❄️ Score: 150+ in 3 days)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6v4Cj
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6v4Cj
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6v4Cj
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6v4Cj
Stephenwolfram
What If We Had Bigger Brains? Imagining Minds beyond Ours
Stephen Wolfram explores how the number of neural connections affects capabilities like language and abstraction. How far we could go accounting for neural nets and LLMS, the fundamental nature of computation, neuroscience and the operation of brains.
Run a C# file directly using dotnet run app.cs (Score: 150+ in 10 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vfHg
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vfHg
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vfHg
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vfHg
Microsoft News
Announcing dotnet run app.cs – A simpler way to start with C# and .NET 10
Run C# files instantly with dotnet run app.cs, no project file needed! Coming to .NET 10, try it out today in Preview 4.
Gurus of 90s Web Design: Zeldman, Siegel, Nielsen (Score: 151+ in 5 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vg7W
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vg7W
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vg7W
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vg7W
Cybercultural
The 3 Gurus of 90s Web Design: Zeldman, Siegel, Nielsen
With the rise of Flash and CSS in 1997, three web design philosophies emerged. David Siegel advocated for 'hacks', Jakob Nielsen kept it simple, while Jeffrey Zeldman combined flair with usability.
My website is ugly because I made it (Score: 156+ in 1 day)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdhy
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdhy
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdhy
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdhy
Good Internet
My website is ugly because I made it
If my mom wanted good art on her fridge, she could’ve purchased reprints of works by Vermeer, Lichtenstein, Wyeth, etc. But she didn’t want good art – she wanted my art.
Somebody with good taste could’ve made my website, but then it wouldn’t be mine.
To…
Somebody with good taste could’ve made my website, but then it wouldn’t be mine.
To…
LLM codegen go brrr – Parallelization with Git worktrees and tmux (Score: 151+ in 23 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdTi
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdTi
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vdTi
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vdTi
Nick Khami's Blog
LLM Codegen go Brrr – Parallelization with Git Worktrees and Tmux | Category | Trieve
If you're underwhelmed with AI coding agents or simply want to get more out of them, give parallelization a try. After seeing the results firsthand over the past month, I'm ready to call myself an evangelist. The throughput improvements are incredible, and…
Running GPT-2 in WebGL: Rediscovering the Lost Art of GPU Shader Programming (Score: 150+ in 1 day)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vbtj
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vbtj
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vbtj
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vbtj
nathan.rs
Running GPT-2 in WebGL: Rediscovering GPGPU Shader Programming - nathan.rs
Nathan Barry's Personal Website
The Polymarket users betting on when Jesus will return (Score: 154+ in 1 day)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vcyy
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vcyy
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vcyy
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vcyy
Unexpected Values
Will Jesus Christ return in an election year?
Thanks to Jesse Richardson for discussion. Polymarket asks: will Jesus Christ return in 2025? In the three days since the market opened, traders have wagered over $100,000 on this question. The mar…
WeatherStar 4000+: Weather Channel Simulator (🔥 Score: 155+ in 2 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vha7
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vha7
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vha7
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vha7
Netbymatt
WeatherStar 4000+
Web based WeatherStar 4000 simulator that reports current and forecast weather conditions plus a few extras!
Show HN: I wrote a modern Command Line Handbook (Score: 153+ in 4 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vgZe
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vgZe
TLDR: I wrote a handbook for the Linux command line. 120 pages in PDF. Updated for 2025. Pay what you want.
A few years back I wrote an ebook about the Linux command line. Instead of focusing on a specific shell, paraphrasing manual pages, or providing long repetitive explanations, the idea was to create a modern guide that would help readers to understand the command line in the practical sense, cover the most common things people use the command line for, and do so without wasting the readers' time.
The book contains material on terminals, shells (compatible with both Bash and Zsh), configuration, command line programs for typical use cases, shell scripting, and many tips and tricks to make working on the command line more convenient. I still consider it "an introduction" and it is not necessarily a book for the HN crowd that lives in the terminal, but I believe that the book will easily cover 80 % of the things most people want or need to do in the terminal.
I made a couple of updates to the book over the years and just finished a significant one for 2025. The book is not perfect. I still see a lot of room for improvement, but I think it is good enough and I truly want to share it with everyone. Hence, pay what you want.
EXAMPLE PAGES: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PkUcLv83Ib6nKYF88n3OBqeeVff...
https://commandline.stribny.name/
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vgZe
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vgZe
TLDR: I wrote a handbook for the Linux command line. 120 pages in PDF. Updated for 2025. Pay what you want.
A few years back I wrote an ebook about the Linux command line. Instead of focusing on a specific shell, paraphrasing manual pages, or providing long repetitive explanations, the idea was to create a modern guide that would help readers to understand the command line in the practical sense, cover the most common things people use the command line for, and do so without wasting the readers' time.
The book contains material on terminals, shells (compatible with both Bash and Zsh), configuration, command line programs for typical use cases, shell scripting, and many tips and tricks to make working on the command line more convenient. I still consider it "an introduction" and it is not necessarily a book for the HN crowd that lives in the terminal, but I believe that the book will easily cover 80 % of the things most people want or need to do in the terminal.
I made a couple of updates to the book over the years and just finished a significant one for 2025. The book is not perfect. I still see a lot of room for improvement, but I think it is good enough and I truly want to share it with everyone. Hence, pay what you want.
EXAMPLE PAGES: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PkUcLv83Ib6nKYF88n3OBqeeVff...
https://commandline.stribny.name/
commandline.stribny.name
Command Line Handbook
Learning C3 (Score: 151+ in 5 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vgMG
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vgMG
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vgMG
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vgMG
alloc.dev
Learning C3 | alloc.dev
Learning the C3 programming language
Human coders are still better than LLMs (🔥 Score: 152+ in 2 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vhmm
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vhmm
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vhmm
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vhmm
Airlines are charging solo passengers higher fares than groups (🔥 Score: 153+ in 2 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vhJ7
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vhJ7
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vhJ7
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vhJ7
Thrifty Traveler
Exclusive: US Airlines Are Quietly Hitting Solo & Biz Travelers with Higher Fares
It's not just Delta. The country's three largest airlines are charging some solo travelers higher fares than groups of two or more.
FLUX.1 Kontext (🔥 Score: 153+ in 3 hours)
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vhxL
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vhxL
Link: https://readhacker.news/s/6vhxL
Comments: https://readhacker.news/c/6vhxL
bfl.ai
Black Forest Labs - Frontier AI Lab
Amazing AI models from the Black Forest.