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В 1960 г., следуя общеамериканскому курсу на удвоение нажитого, известная нам американская ассоциация производителей фанеры (Douglas Fir Plywood Association) выпустила брошюру, в которой постулировала, что каждой семье требуется два дома: «один для жизни в будние дни, а второй – для истинного отдыха». Одним из вариантов второго жилища, предлагавшихся читателям и реализованных при помощи фанеры, был дом на берегу пролива Хейла в штате Вашингтон, спроектированный известным нам Хенриком Буллом, перед которым была поставлена задача «построить загородный дом по цене второго автомобиля».

Булл и этот дополнительный дом площадью 90 кв. м. разделил на два блока: общий, с кухней и гостиной, и частный, с двумя спальнями и санузлом. Терраса, соединявшая оба блока, была перекрыта двускатной крышей, матерчатая кровля которой легко сворачивалась, и могла использоваться в качестве мангальной зоны или даже для размещения гостей (правда, в спальных мешках). А собрать такой дом без утепления и установки септика стоило 3 200 долларов, что составляло примерно половину от среднего семейного дохода за год.

P.S. С другими проектами летних домов из фанеры можно ознакомиться по этой ссылке: https://archive.org/details/SecondHomesForLeisureLiving/mode/2up

———

In 1960, when the American nation was busy doubling their real estate and other assets, Douglas Fir Plywood Association published a promotional booklet and postulated that “every family needs two homes! …one for the work week, the other for pure pleasure”. The booklet featured eighteen remarkable plywood cabins including one designed by Henrik Bull and built in Hale Passage, Washington.

Interestingly, Bull, whom we already know from a couple of other cabin designs and who was tasked with building a cabin “for the cost of a second car”, opted for splitting this 90 sq. m. second home into two units, one with private quarters (two bedrooms and a bathroom) and the other with a kitchen and living room. The sundeck that connected the units was covered with a convertible pitch roof made of canvas and was to include a barbecue area and accommodate additional guests in sleeping bags, if necessary. The cost of assembling this second home (albeit with no insulation or septic tank) amounted to USD 3,200 which translated into half of an average annual family income in 1960.

P.S. Other designs in this booklet, which are just as inspiring, can be found here: https://archive.org/details/SecondHomesForLeisureLiving/mode/2up

(photos: Flickr user MidCentArc, archive.org, grainedit.com, tahoequarterly.com)



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В 1960 г., следуя общеамериканскому курсу на удвоение нажитого, известная нам американская ассоциация производителей фанеры (Douglas Fir Plywood Association) выпустила брошюру, в которой постулировала, что каждой семье требуется два дома: «один для жизни в будние дни, а второй – для истинного отдыха». Одним из вариантов второго жилища, предлагавшихся читателям и реализованных при помощи фанеры, был дом на берегу пролива Хейла в штате Вашингтон, спроектированный известным нам Хенриком Буллом, перед которым была поставлена задача «построить загородный дом по цене второго автомобиля».

Булл и этот дополнительный дом площадью 90 кв. м. разделил на два блока: общий, с кухней и гостиной, и частный, с двумя спальнями и санузлом. Терраса, соединявшая оба блока, была перекрыта двускатной крышей, матерчатая кровля которой легко сворачивалась, и могла использоваться в качестве мангальной зоны или даже для размещения гостей (правда, в спальных мешках). А собрать такой дом без утепления и установки септика стоило 3 200 долларов, что составляло примерно половину от среднего семейного дохода за год.

P.S. С другими проектами летних домов из фанеры можно ознакомиться по этой ссылке: https://archive.org/details/SecondHomesForLeisureLiving/mode/2up

———

In 1960, when the American nation was busy doubling their real estate and other assets, Douglas Fir Plywood Association published a promotional booklet and postulated that “every family needs two homes! …one for the work week, the other for pure pleasure”. The booklet featured eighteen remarkable plywood cabins including one designed by Henrik Bull and built in Hale Passage, Washington.

Interestingly, Bull, whom we already know from a couple of other cabin designs and who was tasked with building a cabin “for the cost of a second car”, opted for splitting this 90 sq. m. second home into two units, one with private quarters (two bedrooms and a bathroom) and the other with a kitchen and living room. The sundeck that connected the units was covered with a convertible pitch roof made of canvas and was to include a barbecue area and accommodate additional guests in sleeping bags, if necessary. The cost of assembling this second home (albeit with no insulation or septic tank) amounted to USD 3,200 which translated into half of an average annual family income in 1960.

P.S. Other designs in this booklet, which are just as inspiring, can be found here: https://archive.org/details/SecondHomesForLeisureLiving/mode/2up

(photos: Flickr user MidCentArc, archive.org, grainedit.com, tahoequarterly.com)

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It is unclear who runs the account, although Russia's official Ministry of Foreign Affairs Twitter account promoted the Telegram channel on Saturday and claimed it was operated by "a group of experts & journalists." Right now the digital security needs of Russians and Ukrainians are very different, and they lead to very different caveats about how to mitigate the risks associated with using Telegram. For Ukrainians in Ukraine, whose physical safety is at risk because they are in a war zone, digital security is probably not their highest priority. They may value access to news and communication with their loved ones over making sure that all of their communications are encrypted in such a manner that they are indecipherable to Telegram, its employees, or governments with court orders. Telegram has become more interventionist over time, and has steadily increased its efforts to shut down these accounts. But this has also meant that the company has also engaged with lawmakers more generally, although it maintains that it doesn’t do so willingly. For instance, in September 2021, Telegram reportedly blocked a chat bot in support of (Putin critic) Alexei Navalny during Russia’s most recent parliamentary elections. Pavel Durov was quoted at the time saying that the company was obliged to follow a “legitimate” law of the land. He added that as Apple and Google both follow the law, to violate it would give both platforms a reason to boot the messenger from its stores. In the past, it was noticed that through bulk SMSes, investors were induced to invest in or purchase the stocks of certain listed companies. Pavel Durov, a billionaire who embraces an all-black wardrobe and is often compared to the character Neo from "the Matrix," funds Telegram through his personal wealth and debt financing. And despite being one of the world's most popular tech companies, Telegram reportedly has only about 30 employees who defer to Durov for most major decisions about the platform.
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