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Одной из популярных в эпоху ар-деко техник была эгломизе, способ декорирования стекла при помощи чернил и фольги, а одними из мастеров, освоивших эту методику, были супруги Ингранд, известный многим Макс, в детстве живший во французском Шартре и, впечатленный витражами собора, связавший свою жизнь со стеклом, и Поле, менее известная художница, попробовавшая себя в самых разных областях искусствах, от графики до фресок и иллюстраций. В 1931 г. Макс, птенец гнезда Гюстава Моро, основал собственную студию, в которой в довоенные годы они с Поле создали множество произведений из стекла, в том числе церковных витражей, арт-объектов для коммерческих учреждений и декоративно-прикладных изделий. Вместе с Рене Лаликом они даже приложили руку к оформлению интерьеров знаменитого трансатлантического лайнера «Normandie».

Союз художников оказался непрочным, и сразу после войны супруги расстались: в 1950-х гг. Макс стал заниматься проектированием светильников и даже возглавил компанию «FontanaArte», а Поле посвятила себя созданию ювелирных изделий. А вот хрупкие эгломизе Инграндов живы по-прежнему и не утратили привлекательности…

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Verre églomisé is a glass decoration process that consists of applying gliding and ink onto the rear face of glass and that experienced a spark in popularity during the Art Deco era partially thanks to the artistry of the Ingrands, Max, a world’s famous glass designer who spent his childhood in Chartres and, deeply touched by the cathedral’s stained windows, pursued a career in glass art, and Paule, a lesser-known but multifaceted artist who tried herself in graphic art, frescoes, and even magazine illustrations. In 1931, Max, who had apprenticed with Gustave Moreau, set up his own studio that saw the duo produce all kinds of glass artworks, from religious decorations to commercial installations and domestic decor in the pre-war years. At one point, they were even responsible, together with Rene Lalique, for the interiors of the SS Normandie.

Max and Paule’s marriage was over with the end of WWII; in 1945, the couple divorced with Max entering the realm of lighting in the 1950s and providing artistic direction to FontanaArte and Paule moving to Belgium to become a jeweller. However fragile, their verre églomisés have survived to this day and remain just as captivating.

(photos: maisongerard.com, artsy.net, artnet.com,oldplank.com, lynn-byrne.com, jacqueslacoste.com, osenat.com, 1stdibs.com)



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Одной из популярных в эпоху ар-деко техник была эгломизе, способ декорирования стекла при помощи чернил и фольги, а одними из мастеров, освоивших эту методику, были супруги Ингранд, известный многим Макс, в детстве живший во французском Шартре и, впечатленный витражами собора, связавший свою жизнь со стеклом, и Поле, менее известная художница, попробовавшая себя в самых разных областях искусствах, от графики до фресок и иллюстраций. В 1931 г. Макс, птенец гнезда Гюстава Моро, основал собственную студию, в которой в довоенные годы они с Поле создали множество произведений из стекла, в том числе церковных витражей, арт-объектов для коммерческих учреждений и декоративно-прикладных изделий. Вместе с Рене Лаликом они даже приложили руку к оформлению интерьеров знаменитого трансатлантического лайнера «Normandie».

Союз художников оказался непрочным, и сразу после войны супруги расстались: в 1950-х гг. Макс стал заниматься проектированием светильников и даже возглавил компанию «FontanaArte», а Поле посвятила себя созданию ювелирных изделий. А вот хрупкие эгломизе Инграндов живы по-прежнему и не утратили привлекательности…

———
 
Verre églomisé is a glass decoration process that consists of applying gliding and ink onto the rear face of glass and that experienced a spark in popularity during the Art Deco era partially thanks to the artistry of the Ingrands, Max, a world’s famous glass designer who spent his childhood in Chartres and, deeply touched by the cathedral’s stained windows, pursued a career in glass art, and Paule, a lesser-known but multifaceted artist who tried herself in graphic art, frescoes, and even magazine illustrations. In 1931, Max, who had apprenticed with Gustave Moreau, set up his own studio that saw the duo produce all kinds of glass artworks, from religious decorations to commercial installations and domestic decor in the pre-war years. At one point, they were even responsible, together with Rene Lalique, for the interiors of the SS Normandie.

Max and Paule’s marriage was over with the end of WWII; in 1945, the couple divorced with Max entering the realm of lighting in the 1950s and providing artistic direction to FontanaArte and Paule moving to Belgium to become a jeweller. However fragile, their verre églomisés have survived to this day and remain just as captivating.

(photos: maisongerard.com, artsy.net, artnet.com,oldplank.com, lynn-byrne.com, jacqueslacoste.com, osenat.com, 1stdibs.com)

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Russians and Ukrainians are both prolific users of Telegram. They rely on the app for channels that act as newsfeeds, group chats (both public and private), and one-to-one communication. Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Telegram has remained an important lifeline for both Russians and Ukrainians, as a way of staying aware of the latest news and keeping in touch with loved ones. Just days after Russia invaded Ukraine, Durov wrote that Telegram was "increasingly becoming a source of unverified information," and he worried about the app being used to "incite ethnic hatred." But because group chats and the channel features are not end-to-end encrypted, Galperin said user privacy is potentially under threat. He said that since his platform does not have the capacity to check all channels, it may restrict some in Russia and Ukraine "for the duration of the conflict," but then reversed course hours later after many users complained that Telegram was an important source of information. Right now the digital security needs of Russians and Ukrainians are very different, and they lead to very different caveats about how to mitigate the risks associated with using Telegram. For Ukrainians in Ukraine, whose physical safety is at risk because they are in a war zone, digital security is probably not their highest priority. They may value access to news and communication with their loved ones over making sure that all of their communications are encrypted in such a manner that they are indecipherable to Telegram, its employees, or governments with court orders.
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