٫٫ إن البعد الذي افتقده الاشتباك الإسلامي من (الإنتاج الاستشراقي) هو الأصول والمنطلقات والخلفيات التاريخية والمعرفية والاجتماعية التي تتجاوز مجرد الإحالة على العداء التاريخي بين المسيحية والإسلام، أو الغايات التبشيرية، فإن هذه وإن كانت مهمة فهي ليست كل شيء، ولا يمكنها وحدها أن تصل بالدارس إلى الصورة الكاملة. ٬٬ اه
٫٫ إن البعد الذي افتقده الاشتباك الإسلامي من (الإنتاج الاستشراقي) هو الأصول والمنطلقات والخلفيات التاريخية والمعرفية والاجتماعية التي تتجاوز مجرد الإحالة على العداء التاريخي بين المسيحية والإسلام، أو الغايات التبشيرية، فإن هذه وإن كانت مهمة فهي ليست كل شيء، ولا يمكنها وحدها أن تصل بالدارس إلى الصورة الكاملة. ٬٬ اه
Oh no. There’s a certain degree of myth-making around what exactly went on, so take everything that follows lightly. Telegram was originally launched as a side project by the Durov brothers, with Nikolai handling the coding and Pavel as CEO, while both were at VK. If you initiate a Secret Chat, however, then these communications are end-to-end encrypted and are tied to the device you are using. That means it’s less convenient to access them across multiple platforms, but you are at far less risk of snooping. Back in the day, Secret Chats received some praise from the EFF, but the fact that its standard system isn’t as secure earned it some criticism. If you’re looking for something that is considered more reliable by privacy advocates, then Signal is the EFF’s preferred platform, although that too is not without some caveats. The company maintains that it cannot act against individual or group chats, which are “private amongst their participants,” but it will respond to requests in relation to sticker sets, channels and bots which are publicly available. During the invasion of Ukraine, Pavel Durov has wrestled with this issue a lot more prominently than he has before. Channels like Donbass Insider and Bellum Acta, as reported by Foreign Policy, started pumping out pro-Russian propaganda as the invasion began. So much so that the Ukrainian National Security and Defense Council issued a statement labeling which accounts are Russian-backed. Ukrainian officials, in potential violation of the Geneva Convention, have shared imagery of dead and captured Russian soldiers on the platform. The War on Fakes channel has repeatedly attempted to push conspiracies that footage from Ukraine is somehow being falsified. One post on the channel from February 24 claimed without evidence that a widely viewed photo of a Ukrainian woman injured in an airstrike in the city of Chuhuiv was doctored and that the woman was seen in a different photo days later without injuries. The post, which has over 600,000 views, also baselessly claimed that the woman's blood was actually makeup or grape juice. And indeed, volatility has been a hallmark of the market environment so far in 2022, with the S&P 500 still down more than 10% for the year-to-date after first sliding into a correction last month. The CBOE Volatility Index, or VIX, has held at a lofty level of more than 30.
from cn
