'Wild West' Perpetrators of such fraud use various marketing techniques to attract subscribers on their social media channels. Telegram was founded in 2013 by two Russian brothers, Nikolai and Pavel Durov. But the Ukraine Crisis Media Center's Tsekhanovska points out that communications are often down in zones most affected by the war, making this sort of cross-referencing a luxury many cannot afford. In the past, it was noticed that through bulk SMSes, investors were induced to invest in or purchase the stocks of certain listed companies.
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