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计算能力强,反而容易出错的题目

最近真理元素(Veritasium)发布了个有趣的视频:On These Questions, Smarter People Do Worse,介绍了聪明的人更容易错的一种问题。视频内容主要来自 Dan Kahan 的研究,那么直接从他的论文来看就好。

标题是 Motivated numeracy and enlightened self-government,研究者发现有种不能一眼看出优劣,需要稍微计算一下的 2 × 2 的图表数据,在部分情况下,计算更强的人反而容易出错。

实验过程是先测试基准数据,图表 1 是虚构护肤霜的效果数据,要求判断护肤霜对皮疹是否有效。实验结果表明计算水平越高的群体,正确率也越高,这符合预期,不过接下来的情况就很微妙了。

接下来实验更换了文字部分,数字依然是相同的情况。只是将护肤霜对皮疹的有效性,修改为了禁枪问题。结果倾向不同党派的实验对象,明显因为意识形态差异,导致计算能力受到影响。

而更进一步的研究中,发现计算能力更差的群体,相对受意识形态的影响较小(正确机率与护肤霜相近)。反而是计算能力更强的群体,更容易选错。所以至少在这一问题上,更强的能力反而会让人盲目?这确实是相当有趣的研究。

#science



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计算能力强,反而容易出错的题目

最近真理元素(Veritasium)发布了个有趣的视频:On These Questions, Smarter People Do Worse,介绍了聪明的人更容易错的一种问题。视频内容主要来自 Dan Kahan 的研究,那么直接从他的论文来看就好。

标题是 Motivated numeracy and enlightened self-government,研究者发现有种不能一眼看出优劣,需要稍微计算一下的 2 × 2 的图表数据,在部分情况下,计算更强的人反而容易出错。

实验过程是先测试基准数据,图表 1 是虚构护肤霜的效果数据,要求判断护肤霜对皮疹是否有效。实验结果表明计算水平越高的群体,正确率也越高,这符合预期,不过接下来的情况就很微妙了。

接下来实验更换了文字部分,数字依然是相同的情况。只是将护肤霜对皮疹的有效性,修改为了禁枪问题。结果倾向不同党派的实验对象,明显因为意识形态差异,导致计算能力受到影响。

而更进一步的研究中,发现计算能力更差的群体,相对受意识形态的影响较小(正确机率与护肤霜相近)。反而是计算能力更强的群体,更容易选错。所以至少在这一问题上,更强的能力反而会让人盲目?这确实是相当有趣的研究。

#science

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