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Junger OrientalistπŸ•Š
Бвадьба ливанских Π΅Π²Ρ€Π΅Π΅Π² Π² синагогС МагСн Авраам. Π‘Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΡƒΡ‚, 1947 Π³ΠΎΠ΄. Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π° МагСн Авраам ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π»Π°ΡΡŒ 25 августа 1926 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Она ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ливанских Π΅Π²Ρ€Π΅Π΅Π² Π΄ΠΎ граТданской Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ 1975-90 Π³Π³., ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡƒΠ»Π° Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½.…
ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ лСкция Π² синагогС МагСн Авраам. Π‘Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΡƒΡ‚, 1951 Π³ΠΎΠ΄

Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π° использовалась Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ для Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ торТСствСнных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ гости ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… конфСссий.

НапримСр, Π² 1937 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ МагСн Авраам посСтил ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Ρ€Ρ… ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ²ΠΈ Антуан Арида, Π° Π² 1951 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π·Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠŸΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ…Π° Π² синагогу ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΈ – срСди ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… – Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ суннитскиС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΈ ас-Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ… ΠΈ Абдалла аль-Π―Ρ„ΠΈ. Оба Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΡŒΠ΅Ρ€-министрами. Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π· посСщал ΠΈ ΠŸΡŒΠ΅Ρ€ Π–ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠ΅Π»ΡŒ – ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ христианской ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π°ΠΈΠ±.

ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом срСди Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π΅Π², ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ливанскиС Π΅Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ занимались ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ. И Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… арабских стран (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Π•Π³ΠΈΠΏΡ‚Π°), Π² Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π΅Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² коммунистичСском Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ (Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ армян, Π°Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΠ²-христиан ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²).

(Kirsten E. Schulze, The Jews of Lebanon: Between Coexistence and Conflict)



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ΠŸΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ лСкция Π² синагогС МагСн Авраам. Π‘Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΡƒΡ‚, 1951 Π³ΠΎΠ΄

Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π° использовалась Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ для Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ для Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ торТСствСнных ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Ρ‚ΡƒΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ гости ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… конфСссий.

НапримСр, Π² 1937 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ МагСн Авраам посСтил ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Ρ€Ρ… ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ²ΠΈ Антуан Арида, Π° Π² 1951 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π·Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠŸΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ…Π° Π² синагогу ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΈ – срСди ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… – Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ суннитскиС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΈ ас-Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ… ΠΈ Абдалла аль-Π―Ρ„ΠΈ. Оба Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΌΡŒΠ΅Ρ€-министрами. Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ Π½Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π· посСщал ΠΈ ΠŸΡŒΠ΅Ρ€ Π–ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠ΅Π»ΡŒ – ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ христианской ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π°ΠΈΠ±.

ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом срСди Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π΅Π², ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ливанскиС Π΅Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ занимались ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ. И Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… арабских стран (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, Π•Π³ΠΈΠΏΡ‚Π°), Π² Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π΅Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² коммунистичСском Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ (Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ армян, Π°Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΠ²-христиан ΠΈ ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²).

(Kirsten E. Schulze, The Jews of Lebanon: Between Coexistence and Conflict)

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The company maintains that it cannot act against individual or group chats, which are β€œprivate amongst their participants,” but it will respond to requests in relation to sticker sets, channels and bots which are publicly available. During the invasion of Ukraine, Pavel Durov has wrestled with this issue a lot more prominently than he has before. Channels like Donbass Insider and Bellum Acta, as reported by Foreign Policy, started pumping out pro-Russian propaganda as the invasion began. So much so that the Ukrainian National Security and Defense Council issued a statement labeling which accounts are Russian-backed. Ukrainian officials, in potential violation of the Geneva Convention, have shared imagery of dead and captured Russian soldiers on the platform. Such instructions could actually endanger people β€” citizens receive air strike warnings via smartphone alerts. Additionally, investors are often instructed to deposit monies into personal bank accounts of individuals who claim to represent a legitimate entity, and/or into an unrelated corporate account. To lend credence and to lure unsuspecting victims, perpetrators usually claim that their entity and/or the investment schemes are approved by financial authorities. Emerson Brooking, a disinformation expert at the Atlantic Council's Digital Forensic Research Lab, said: "Back in the Wild West period of content moderation, like 2014 or 2015, maybe they could have gotten away with it, but it stands in marked contrast with how other companies run themselves today." As a result, the pandemic saw many newcomers to Telegram, including prominent anti-vaccine activists who used the app's hands-off approach to share false information on shots, a study from the Institute for Strategic Dialogue shows.
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