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📌 ماهو الفرق بين
ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular dilatation ?!

🔹ventricular hypertrophy  》is due to pressure overload as in aortic stenosis or S-HTN

🔹ventricular dilatation 》is due to volume overload as in case of increase venous return,ex: increase IV fluids administration

🔸in ventricular hypertrophy 》no displacement of apex beat only forcefull beat

🔸in ventricular dilatation 》displacement of apex beat

🔹ventricular hypertrophy 》
_preserved ejection fraction
_diastolic HF

🔹ventricular dilatation 》
_reduced ejection fraction
_systolic HF

🔸causes of ventricular hypertrophy:
》anything increases AFTERLOAD as
_HTN
_AS
_PS
》other causes as
أي حاجه بتقلل إمتلاء الventricles أثناء الdiastole مثل
احتشاء عضلة القلب بسوائل cardiac temponade
أو تليف restrictive cardiomyopathy
أو زيادة في سمك العضلة نفسها HOCM
أو زيادة في سمك الغشاء حول العضلة constrictive pericarditis

🔸causes of ventricular dilatation:
》anything increases PRELOAD as
_hyperdynamic circulation as : hypervolemia, anemia, thyrotoxicosis
_AR
_PR

》other causes as hypothyroidism
أي مرض بيوسع عضلة القلب مثل
حدوث إلتهاب في عضلة القلب نفسها myocarditis
أو خلل وظيفي في انقباض عضلة القلب لأي سبب مثل DCM



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📌 ماهو الفرق بين
ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular dilatation ?!

🔹ventricular hypertrophy  》is due to pressure overload as in aortic stenosis or S-HTN

🔹ventricular dilatation 》is due to volume overload as in case of increase venous return,ex: increase IV fluids administration

🔸in ventricular hypertrophy 》no displacement of apex beat only forcefull beat

🔸in ventricular dilatation 》displacement of apex beat

🔹ventricular hypertrophy 》
_preserved ejection fraction
_diastolic HF

🔹ventricular dilatation 》
_reduced ejection fraction
_systolic HF

🔸causes of ventricular hypertrophy:
》anything increases AFTERLOAD as
_HTN
_AS
_PS
》other causes as
أي حاجه بتقلل إمتلاء الventricles أثناء الdiastole مثل
احتشاء عضلة القلب بسوائل cardiac temponade
أو تليف restrictive cardiomyopathy
أو زيادة في سمك العضلة نفسها HOCM
أو زيادة في سمك الغشاء حول العضلة constrictive pericarditis

🔸causes of ventricular dilatation:
》anything increases PRELOAD as
_hyperdynamic circulation as : hypervolemia, anemia, thyrotoxicosis
_AR
_PR

》other causes as hypothyroidism
أي مرض بيوسع عضلة القلب مثل
حدوث إلتهاب في عضلة القلب نفسها myocarditis
أو خلل وظيفي في انقباض عضلة القلب لأي سبب مثل DCM

BY 🌏 الطب في جميع أنحاء العالم 🌏


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Founder Pavel Durov says tech is meant to set you free Markets continued to grapple with the economic and corporate earnings implications relating to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. “We have a ton of uncertainty right now,” said Stephanie Link, chief investment strategist and portfolio manager at Hightower Advisors. “We’re dealing with a war, we’re dealing with inflation. We don’t know what it means to earnings.” Stocks closed in the red Friday as investors weighed upbeat remarks from Russian President Vladimir Putin about diplomatic discussions with Ukraine against a weaker-than-expected print on U.S. consumer sentiment. The next bit isn’t clear, but Durov reportedly claimed that his resignation, dated March 21st, was an April Fools’ prank. TechCrunch implies that it was a matter of principle, but it’s hard to be clear on the wheres, whos and whys. Similarly, on April 17th, the Moscow Times quoted Durov as saying that he quit the company after being pressured to reveal account details about Ukrainians protesting the then-president Viktor Yanukovych. You may recall that, back when Facebook started changing WhatsApp’s terms of service, a number of news outlets reported on, and even recommended, switching to Telegram. Pavel Durov even said that users should delete WhatsApp “unless you are cool with all of your photos and messages becoming public one day.” But Telegram can’t be described as a more-secure version of WhatsApp.
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