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计算能力强,反而容易出错的题目

最近真理元素(Veritasium)发布了个有趣的视频:On These Questions, Smarter People Do Worse,介绍了聪明的人更容易错的一种问题。视频内容主要来自 Dan Kahan 的研究,那么直接从他的论文来看就好。

标题是 Motivated numeracy and enlightened self-government,研究者发现有种不能一眼看出优劣,需要稍微计算一下的 2 × 2 的图表数据,在部分情况下,计算更强的人反而容易出错。

实验过程是先测试基准数据,图表 1 是虚构护肤霜的效果数据,要求判断护肤霜对皮疹是否有效。实验结果表明计算水平越高的群体,正确率也越高,这符合预期,不过接下来的情况就很微妙了。

接下来实验更换了文字部分,数字依然是相同的情况。只是将护肤霜对皮疹的有效性,修改为了禁枪问题。结果倾向不同党派的实验对象,明显因为意识形态差异,导致计算能力受到影响。

而更进一步的研究中,发现计算能力更差的群体,相对受意识形态的影响较小(正确机率与护肤霜相近)。反而是计算能力更强的群体,更容易选错。所以至少在这一问题上,更强的能力反而会让人盲目?这确实是相当有趣的研究。

#science



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计算能力强,反而容易出错的题目

最近真理元素(Veritasium)发布了个有趣的视频:On These Questions, Smarter People Do Worse,介绍了聪明的人更容易错的一种问题。视频内容主要来自 Dan Kahan 的研究,那么直接从他的论文来看就好。

标题是 Motivated numeracy and enlightened self-government,研究者发现有种不能一眼看出优劣,需要稍微计算一下的 2 × 2 的图表数据,在部分情况下,计算更强的人反而容易出错。

实验过程是先测试基准数据,图表 1 是虚构护肤霜的效果数据,要求判断护肤霜对皮疹是否有效。实验结果表明计算水平越高的群体,正确率也越高,这符合预期,不过接下来的情况就很微妙了。

接下来实验更换了文字部分,数字依然是相同的情况。只是将护肤霜对皮疹的有效性,修改为了禁枪问题。结果倾向不同党派的实验对象,明显因为意识形态差异,导致计算能力受到影响。

而更进一步的研究中,发现计算能力更差的群体,相对受意识形态的影响较小(正确机率与护肤霜相近)。反而是计算能力更强的群体,更容易选错。所以至少在这一问题上,更强的能力反而会让人盲目?这确实是相当有趣的研究。

#science

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Since its launch in 2013, Telegram has grown from a simple messaging app to a broadcast network. Its user base isn’t as vast as WhatsApp’s, and its broadcast platform is a fraction the size of Twitter, but it’s nonetheless showing its use. While Telegram has been embroiled in controversy for much of its life, it has become a vital source of communication during the invasion of Ukraine. But, if all of this is new to you, let us explain, dear friends, what on Earth a Telegram is meant to be, and why you should, or should not, need to care. READ MORE The regulator said it had received information that messages containing stock tips and other investment advice with respect to selected listed companies are being widely circulated through websites and social media platforms such as Telegram, Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram. Groups are also not fully encrypted, end-to-end. This includes private groups. Private groups cannot be seen by other Telegram users, but Telegram itself can see the groups and all of the communications that you have in them. All of the same risks and warnings about channels can be applied to groups. Official government accounts have also spread fake fact checks. An official Twitter account for the Russia diplomatic mission in Geneva shared a fake debunking video claiming without evidence that "Western and Ukrainian media are creating thousands of fake news on Russia every day." The video, which has amassed almost 30,000 views, offered a "how-to" spot misinformation.
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