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彭博社调查显示,中国与疑似伊朗船只在马来西亚半岛以东海域通过船对船过驳的方式转移石油。
彭博社跟踪的Win Win号在2024年9月23日从中国青岛出发,10月3日至4日与来自伊朗的Titan号在马来西亚海岸附近并排转移石油,最终Win Win号回到青岛董家口港。彭博社根据卫星图像估算,2024年的过驳频率为2020年的2倍。今年前9个月保守估计有约3.5亿桶石油在此处转移。
这些进口石油大部分被分类为马来西亚进口。根据中国海关数据,中国自2022年年中以来未从伊朗进口石油。而今年前9个月,中国从马来西亚的进口数量接近伊朗遭制裁前的2018年同期的8倍。根据《世界能源统计年鉴》数据,中国在2023年每天从马来西亚进口超过110万桶石油,远超该国每天50.8万桶的产量。
船对船过驳的方式本身并不违法。但这些活动通常发生在港口附近或者指定区域,需要根据国际海事组织和国际规则要求提前通知当局,并需要熟练人员、监督和检查,以防发生海洋污染。但这些措施并未体现在报道所提及的石油转移上,这可能引发泄漏风险。
此外,为了避开追踪系统,伊朗和中国可能使用所有权结构模糊、不报告准确位置的所谓“黑暗船队”。这类船只的运营时间通常超过20年。而且由于他们通常会关闭海事应答器,因此增加了碰撞的风险。
对于马来西亚而言,中国和伊朗都是其合作伙伴。在国内也有打击燃料走私和人口贩运等更为重要的海事问题。马来西亚海上力量匮乏。因此,马来西亚既无心也无力打击此类石油转移行为。
中国外交部没有具体评论石油转移,但表示中国与伊朗的贸易是合理和合法的,应该得到尊重和保护。伊朗、美国、马来西亚当局均未回应置评请求。
彭博社BBC



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彭博社调查显示,中国与疑似伊朗船只在马来西亚半岛以东海域通过船对船过驳的方式转移石油。
彭博社跟踪的Win Win号在2024年9月23日从中国青岛出发,10月3日至4日与来自伊朗的Titan号在马来西亚海岸附近并排转移石油,最终Win Win号回到青岛董家口港。彭博社根据卫星图像估算,2024年的过驳频率为2020年的2倍。今年前9个月保守估计有约3.5亿桶石油在此处转移。
这些进口石油大部分被分类为马来西亚进口。根据中国海关数据,中国自2022年年中以来未从伊朗进口石油。而今年前9个月,中国从马来西亚的进口数量接近伊朗遭制裁前的2018年同期的8倍。根据《世界能源统计年鉴》数据,中国在2023年每天从马来西亚进口超过110万桶石油,远超该国每天50.8万桶的产量。
船对船过驳的方式本身并不违法。但这些活动通常发生在港口附近或者指定区域,需要根据国际海事组织和国际规则要求提前通知当局,并需要熟练人员、监督和检查,以防发生海洋污染。但这些措施并未体现在报道所提及的石油转移上,这可能引发泄漏风险。
此外,为了避开追踪系统,伊朗和中国可能使用所有权结构模糊、不报告准确位置的所谓“黑暗船队”。这类船只的运营时间通常超过20年。而且由于他们通常会关闭海事应答器,因此增加了碰撞的风险。
对于马来西亚而言,中国和伊朗都是其合作伙伴。在国内也有打击燃料走私和人口贩运等更为重要的海事问题。马来西亚海上力量匮乏。因此,马来西亚既无心也无力打击此类石油转移行为。
中国外交部没有具体评论石油转移,但表示中国与伊朗的贸易是合理和合法的,应该得到尊重和保护。伊朗、美国、马来西亚当局均未回应置评请求。
彭博社BBC

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Telegram was co-founded by Pavel and Nikolai Durov, the brothers who had previously created VKontakte. VK is Russia’s equivalent of Facebook, a social network used for public and private messaging, audio and video sharing as well as online gaming. In January, SimpleWeb reported that VK was Russia’s fourth most-visited website, after Yandex, YouTube and Google’s Russian-language homepage. In 2016, Forbes’ Michael Solomon described Pavel Durov (pictured, below) as the “Mark Zuckerberg of Russia.” The company maintains that it cannot act against individual or group chats, which are “private amongst their participants,” but it will respond to requests in relation to sticker sets, channels and bots which are publicly available. During the invasion of Ukraine, Pavel Durov has wrestled with this issue a lot more prominently than he has before. Channels like Donbass Insider and Bellum Acta, as reported by Foreign Policy, started pumping out pro-Russian propaganda as the invasion began. So much so that the Ukrainian National Security and Defense Council issued a statement labeling which accounts are Russian-backed. Ukrainian officials, in potential violation of the Geneva Convention, have shared imagery of dead and captured Russian soldiers on the platform. As the war in Ukraine rages, the messaging app Telegram has emerged as the go-to place for unfiltered live war updates for both Ukrainian refugees and increasingly isolated Russians alike. Emerson Brooking, a disinformation expert at the Atlantic Council's Digital Forensic Research Lab, said: "Back in the Wild West period of content moderation, like 2014 or 2015, maybe they could have gotten away with it, but it stands in marked contrast with how other companies run themselves today." One thing that Telegram now offers to all users is the ability to “disappear” messages or set remote deletion deadlines. That enables users to have much more control over how long people can access what you’re sending them. Given that Russian law enforcement officials are reportedly (via Insider) stopping people in the street and demanding to read their text messages, this could be vital to protect individuals from reprisals.
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