• Убераем из них премию за срочность - как историческую среднюю разницу между свопами на срок t и реализованную среднюю RUONIA. Если не убрать эту премию, то будем хронически завышать "риск-нейтральные" ожидания по ставке
• Получаем премию около 0.03 процентных пунктов за 1 мес срока свопа
• Оцениваем параметры формулы Нельсона-Зигеля для кривой доходности свопов и досчитываем из нее форвардую кривую - т.е. ожидаемую траекторию RUONIA
• Убераем из них премию за срочность - как историческую среднюю разницу между свопами на срок t и реализованную среднюю RUONIA. Если не убрать эту премию, то будем хронически завышать "риск-нейтральные" ожидания по ставке
• Получаем премию около 0.03 процентных пунктов за 1 мес срока свопа
• Оцениваем параметры формулы Нельсона-Зигеля для кривой доходности свопов и досчитываем из нее форвардую кривую - т.е. ожидаемую траекторию RUONIA
"Russians are really disconnected from the reality of what happening to their country," Andrey said. "So Telegram has become essential for understanding what's going on to the Russian-speaking world." On December 23rd, 2020, Pavel Durov posted to his channel that the company would need to start generating revenue. In early 2021, he added that any advertising on the platform would not use user data for targeting, and that it would be focused on “large one-to-many channels.” He pledged that ads would be “non-intrusive” and that most users would simply not notice any change. Telegram does offer end-to-end encrypted communications through Secret Chats, but this is not the default setting. Standard conversations use the MTProto method, enabling server-client encryption but with them stored on the server for ease-of-access. This makes using Telegram across multiple devices simple, but also means that the regular Telegram chats you’re having with folks are not as secure as you may believe. Either way, Durov says that he withdrew his resignation but that he was ousted from his company anyway. Subsequently, control of the company was reportedly handed to oligarchs Alisher Usmanov and Igor Sechin, both allegedly close associates of Russian leader Vladimir Putin. At the start of 2018, the company attempted to launch an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) which would enable it to enable payments (and earn the cash that comes from doing so). The initial signals were promising, especially given Telegram’s user base is already fairly crypto-savvy. It raised an initial tranche of cash – worth more than a billion dollars – to help develop the coin before opening sales to the public. Unfortunately, third-party sales of coins bought in those initial fundraising rounds raised the ire of the SEC, which brought the hammer down on the whole operation. In 2020, officials ordered Telegram to pay a fine of $18.5 million and hand back much of the cash that it had raised.
from jp
