To test the predictions of this model, we use data from 13 US states who passed pay transparency laws protecting the “right of workers to talk” (ROWTT) about wages prior to federal policies extending these rights to all government contract workers in 2016. Using a multi-period difference-in-differences (“event study”) design, we find that ROWTT laws decrease the average wages of full-time workers by roughly 2% over the three years following enactment.
The size of this effect is mediated by the degree of individual bargaining power that workers have before the enactment of these laws. We find a negligible impact on the wages of unionized occupations and a bigger impact on wages of college-educated workers with higher individual bargaining power, whose wages decline on average by 4%
To test the predictions of this model, we use data from 13 US states who passed pay transparency laws protecting the “right of workers to talk” (ROWTT) about wages prior to federal policies extending these rights to all government contract workers in 2016. Using a multi-period difference-in-differences (“event study”) design, we find that ROWTT laws decrease the average wages of full-time workers by roughly 2% over the three years following enactment.
The size of this effect is mediated by the degree of individual bargaining power that workers have before the enactment of these laws. We find a negligible impact on the wages of unionized occupations and a bigger impact on wages of college-educated workers with higher individual bargaining power, whose wages decline on average by 4%
Update March 8, 2022: EFF has clarified that Channels and Groups are not fully encrypted, end-to-end, updated our post to link to Telegram’s FAQ for Cloud and Secret chats, updated to clarify that auto-delete is available for group and channel admins, and added some additional links. The channel appears to be part of the broader information war that has developed following Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The Kremlin has paid Russian TikTok influencers to push propaganda, according to a Vice News investigation, while ProPublica found that fake Russian fact check videos had been viewed over a million times on Telegram. For example, WhatsApp restricted the number of times a user could forward something, and developed automated systems that detect and flag objectionable content. Telegram has become more interventionist over time, and has steadily increased its efforts to shut down these accounts. But this has also meant that the company has also engaged with lawmakers more generally, although it maintains that it doesn’t do so willingly. For instance, in September 2021, Telegram reportedly blocked a chat bot in support of (Putin critic) Alexei Navalny during Russia’s most recent parliamentary elections. Pavel Durov was quoted at the time saying that the company was obliged to follow a “legitimate” law of the land. He added that as Apple and Google both follow the law, to violate it would give both platforms a reason to boot the messenger from its stores. But Telegram says people want to keep their chat history when they get a new phone, and they like having a data backup that will sync their chats across multiple devices. And that is why they let people choose whether they want their messages to be encrypted or not. When not turned on, though, chats are stored on Telegram's services, which are scattered throughout the world. But it has "disclosed 0 bytes of user data to third parties, including governments," Telegram states on its website.
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