ронен стейнберг, пишущий о великой французской революции (не путать с марком стейнбергом, пишущим о русской революции 1917 года), обращает наше внимание на то, что некоторые врачи практиковали шоковую терапию еще в конце восемнадцатого века:
In 1777 for example, the English medical student Thomas Perberton recounted the case of a young, depressed girl who refused to get out of bed or cooperate with her doctors. Her physician then left the room, undressed, and proceeded to jump, naked, into the girl's bed. She in turn jumped out in a panic and, we are told, was subsequently cured of her melancholy. One of the major theoreticians of vitalism, the physician Bordeu from Montpellier ... developed a "therapeutics of perturbation" whereby terror and pain would be used in order to induce a state of "crisis" that could cure patients by jolting their sensibilities.
R. Steinberg, "Trauma and the effects of mass violence in revolutionary France: A critical inquiry," Réflexions historiques 2015, p. 35
ронен стейнберг, пишущий о великой французской революции (не путать с марком стейнбергом, пишущим о русской революции 1917 года), обращает наше внимание на то, что некоторые врачи практиковали шоковую терапию еще в конце восемнадцатого века:
In 1777 for example, the English medical student Thomas Perberton recounted the case of a young, depressed girl who refused to get out of bed or cooperate with her doctors. Her physician then left the room, undressed, and proceeded to jump, naked, into the girl's bed. She in turn jumped out in a panic and, we are told, was subsequently cured of her melancholy. One of the major theoreticians of vitalism, the physician Bordeu from Montpellier ... developed a "therapeutics of perturbation" whereby terror and pain would be used in order to induce a state of "crisis" that could cure patients by jolting their sensibilities.
R. Steinberg, "Trauma and the effects of mass violence in revolutionary France: A critical inquiry," Réflexions historiques 2015, p. 35
BY записки молодого враля
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Messages are not fully encrypted by default. That means the company could, in theory, access the content of the messages, or be forced to hand over the data at the request of a government. Asked about its stance on disinformation, Telegram spokesperson Remi Vaughn told AFP: "As noted by our CEO, the sheer volume of information being shared on channels makes it extremely difficult to verify, so it's important that users double-check what they read." Markets continued to grapple with the economic and corporate earnings implications relating to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. “We have a ton of uncertainty right now,” said Stephanie Link, chief investment strategist and portfolio manager at Hightower Advisors. “We’re dealing with a war, we’re dealing with inflation. We don’t know what it means to earnings.” If you initiate a Secret Chat, however, then these communications are end-to-end encrypted and are tied to the device you are using. That means it’s less convenient to access them across multiple platforms, but you are at far less risk of snooping. Back in the day, Secret Chats received some praise from the EFF, but the fact that its standard system isn’t as secure earned it some criticism. If you’re looking for something that is considered more reliable by privacy advocates, then Signal is the EFF’s preferred platform, although that too is not without some caveats. Although some channels have been removed, the curation process is considered opaque and insufficient by analysts.
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