Трансформация легитимности и халифата в исламских государствах
Аббасидский и пост-Аббасидский период
Использованные источники:
1. Hüseyin Yılmaz, Caliphate Redefined: The Mystical Turn in Ottoman Political Thought, pp. 1-18. 2. Christopher Markiewicz, The Crisis of Kingship in Late Medieval Islam: Persian Emigres and the Making of Ottoman Sovereignty, pp. 1-12 3. Marshall Hodgson, The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization.
Трансформация легитимности и халифата в исламских государствах
Аббасидский и пост-Аббасидский период
Использованные источники:
1. Hüseyin Yılmaz, Caliphate Redefined: The Mystical Turn in Ottoman Political Thought, pp. 1-18. 2. Christopher Markiewicz, The Crisis of Kingship in Late Medieval Islam: Persian Emigres and the Making of Ottoman Sovereignty, pp. 1-12 3. Marshall Hodgson, The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization.
The channel appears to be part of the broader information war that has developed following Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The Kremlin has paid Russian TikTok influencers to push propaganda, according to a Vice News investigation, while ProPublica found that fake Russian fact check videos had been viewed over a million times on Telegram. Groups are also not fully encrypted, end-to-end. This includes private groups. Private groups cannot be seen by other Telegram users, but Telegram itself can see the groups and all of the communications that you have in them. All of the same risks and warnings about channels can be applied to groups. But because group chats and the channel features are not end-to-end encrypted, Galperin said user privacy is potentially under threat. The next bit isn’t clear, but Durov reportedly claimed that his resignation, dated March 21st, was an April Fools’ prank. TechCrunch implies that it was a matter of principle, but it’s hard to be clear on the wheres, whos and whys. Similarly, on April 17th, the Moscow Times quoted Durov as saying that he quit the company after being pressured to reveal account details about Ukrainians protesting the then-president Viktor Yanukovych. Recently, Durav wrote on his Telegram channel that users' right to privacy, in light of the war in Ukraine, is "sacred, now more than ever."
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