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彭博社调查显示,中国与疑似伊朗船只在马来西亚半岛以东海域通过船对船过驳的方式转移石油。
彭博社跟踪的Win Win号在2024年9月23日从中国青岛出发,10月3日至4日与来自伊朗的Titan号在马来西亚海岸附近并排转移石油,最终Win Win号回到青岛董家口港。彭博社根据卫星图像估算,2024年的过驳频率为2020年的2倍。今年前9个月保守估计有约3.5亿桶石油在此处转移。
这些进口石油大部分被分类为马来西亚进口。根据中国海关数据,中国自2022年年中以来未从伊朗进口石油。而今年前9个月,中国从马来西亚的进口数量接近伊朗遭制裁前的2018年同期的8倍。根据《世界能源统计年鉴》数据,中国在2023年每天从马来西亚进口超过110万桶石油,远超该国每天50.8万桶的产量。
船对船过驳的方式本身并不违法。但这些活动通常发生在港口附近或者指定区域,需要根据国际海事组织和国际规则要求提前通知当局,并需要熟练人员、监督和检查,以防发生海洋污染。但这些措施并未体现在报道所提及的石油转移上,这可能引发泄漏风险。
此外,为了避开追踪系统,伊朗和中国可能使用所有权结构模糊、不报告准确位置的所谓“黑暗船队”。这类船只的运营时间通常超过20年。而且由于他们通常会关闭海事应答器,因此增加了碰撞的风险。
对于马来西亚而言,中国和伊朗都是其合作伙伴。在国内也有打击燃料走私和人口贩运等更为重要的海事问题。马来西亚海上力量匮乏。因此,马来西亚既无心也无力打击此类石油转移行为。
中国外交部没有具体评论石油转移,但表示中国与伊朗的贸易是合理和合法的,应该得到尊重和保护。伊朗、美国、马来西亚当局均未回应置评请求。
彭博社BBC



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彭博社调查显示,中国与疑似伊朗船只在马来西亚半岛以东海域通过船对船过驳的方式转移石油。
彭博社跟踪的Win Win号在2024年9月23日从中国青岛出发,10月3日至4日与来自伊朗的Titan号在马来西亚海岸附近并排转移石油,最终Win Win号回到青岛董家口港。彭博社根据卫星图像估算,2024年的过驳频率为2020年的2倍。今年前9个月保守估计有约3.5亿桶石油在此处转移。
这些进口石油大部分被分类为马来西亚进口。根据中国海关数据,中国自2022年年中以来未从伊朗进口石油。而今年前9个月,中国从马来西亚的进口数量接近伊朗遭制裁前的2018年同期的8倍。根据《世界能源统计年鉴》数据,中国在2023年每天从马来西亚进口超过110万桶石油,远超该国每天50.8万桶的产量。
船对船过驳的方式本身并不违法。但这些活动通常发生在港口附近或者指定区域,需要根据国际海事组织和国际规则要求提前通知当局,并需要熟练人员、监督和检查,以防发生海洋污染。但这些措施并未体现在报道所提及的石油转移上,这可能引发泄漏风险。
此外,为了避开追踪系统,伊朗和中国可能使用所有权结构模糊、不报告准确位置的所谓“黑暗船队”。这类船只的运营时间通常超过20年。而且由于他们通常会关闭海事应答器,因此增加了碰撞的风险。
对于马来西亚而言,中国和伊朗都是其合作伙伴。在国内也有打击燃料走私和人口贩运等更为重要的海事问题。马来西亚海上力量匮乏。因此,马来西亚既无心也无力打击此类石油转移行为。
中国外交部没有具体评论石油转移,但表示中国与伊朗的贸易是合理和合法的,应该得到尊重和保护。伊朗、美国、马来西亚当局均未回应置评请求。
彭博社BBC

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