L’inauguration de la persécution du catholicisme romain par Ieyasu en 1614 et la chute d’Osaka (où des milliers de samouraïs chrétiens périrent parmi les défenseurs) en 1615 réduisirent considérablement cette influence, qui n’exista plus que dans des conditions très difficiles jusqu’à ce qu’elle subisse le coup final lors de la répression de la rébellion de Shimabara. Il est difficile de croire qu’un Japonais ait osé porter – ou même posséder – des accessoires d’épée aux motifs chrétiens après 1614 (Boxer, 1931). La rébellion de Shimabara de 1637-1638, au cours de laquelle des samouraïs et des paysans chrétiens mécontents se sont rebellés contre le bakufu, a conduit Edo à faire appel à des navires hollandais pour bombarder le bastion rebelle, marquant la fin du mouvement chrétien (Dolan & Worden, 1990).
L’inauguration de la persécution du catholicisme romain par Ieyasu en 1614 et la chute d’Osaka (où des milliers de samouraïs chrétiens périrent parmi les défenseurs) en 1615 réduisirent considérablement cette influence, qui n’exista plus que dans des conditions très difficiles jusqu’à ce qu’elle subisse le coup final lors de la répression de la rébellion de Shimabara. Il est difficile de croire qu’un Japonais ait osé porter – ou même posséder – des accessoires d’épée aux motifs chrétiens après 1614 (Boxer, 1931). La rébellion de Shimabara de 1637-1638, au cours de laquelle des samouraïs et des paysans chrétiens mécontents se sont rebellés contre le bakufu, a conduit Edo à faire appel à des navires hollandais pour bombarder le bastion rebelle, marquant la fin du mouvement chrétien (Dolan & Worden, 1990).
BY La Nouvelle Chevalerie
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You may recall that, back when Facebook started changing WhatsApp’s terms of service, a number of news outlets reported on, and even recommended, switching to Telegram. Pavel Durov even said that users should delete WhatsApp “unless you are cool with all of your photos and messages becoming public one day.” But Telegram can’t be described as a more-secure version of WhatsApp. Overall, extreme levels of fear in the market seems to have morphed into something more resembling concern. For example, the Cboe Volatility Index fell from its 2022 peak of 36, which it hit Monday, to around 30 on Friday, a sign of easing tensions. Meanwhile, while the price of WTI crude oil slipped from Sunday’s multiyear high $130 of barrel to $109 a pop. Markets have been expecting heavy restrictions on Russian oil, some of which the U.S. has already imposed, and that would reduce the global supply and bring about even more burdensome inflation. Telegram users are able to send files of any type up to 2GB each and access them from any device, with no limit on cloud storage, which has made downloading files more popular on the platform. WhatsApp, a rival messaging platform, introduced some measures to counter disinformation when Covid-19 was first sweeping the world. The next bit isn’t clear, but Durov reportedly claimed that his resignation, dated March 21st, was an April Fools’ prank. TechCrunch implies that it was a matter of principle, but it’s hard to be clear on the wheres, whos and whys. Similarly, on April 17th, the Moscow Times quoted Durov as saying that he quit the company after being pressured to reveal account details about Ukrainians protesting the then-president Viktor Yanukovych.
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