📔نادرشاه افشار، جهانگشای شرق 📔 ✍🏻 نویسنده: عبدالحسین ثنائی
📌 افشارها یکی از ۲۴ قبیلۀ اوغوز و از نوادگان افشار، نوۀ اوغوزخان و پسر ییلدیزخان، هستند. آن‌ها یکی از پنج قبیلۀ ترک‌تبارند که بر تخت سلطنت نشستند و حکومت تأسیس کردند.
📌 افشارها از قرن یازدهم و دوازدهم میلادی همراه سلجوقیان شدند و بعد از برپایی حکومت، از شمال سیحون و ماوراءالنهر به‌طرف ایران، آناتولی، عراق و سوریه به راه افتادند تا در قلمرویی از ایران و سوریه تا افغانستان مستقر شدند.
📌 کتاب «نادرشاه افشار، جهانگشای شرق» که حاصل تلاش و فعالیت پژوهشی چندین‌ساله است، به زندگی و فتوحات نادرشاه و سرداران سلحشورش می‌پردازد.
📔نادرشاه افشار، جهانگشای شرق 📔 ✍🏻 نویسنده: عبدالحسین ثنائی
📌 افشارها یکی از ۲۴ قبیلۀ اوغوز و از نوادگان افشار، نوۀ اوغوزخان و پسر ییلدیزخان، هستند. آن‌ها یکی از پنج قبیلۀ ترک‌تبارند که بر تخت سلطنت نشستند و حکومت تأسیس کردند.
📌 افشارها از قرن یازدهم و دوازدهم میلادی همراه سلجوقیان شدند و بعد از برپایی حکومت، از شمال سیحون و ماوراءالنهر به‌طرف ایران، آناتولی، عراق و سوریه به راه افتادند تا در قلمرویی از ایران و سوریه تا افغانستان مستقر شدند.
📌 کتاب «نادرشاه افشار، جهانگشای شرق» که حاصل تلاش و فعالیت پژوهشی چندین‌ساله است، به زندگی و فتوحات نادرشاه و سرداران سلحشورش می‌پردازد.
"Your messages about the movement of the enemy through the official chatbot … bring new trophies every day," the government agency tweeted. DFR Lab sent the image through Microsoft Azure's Face Verification program and found that it was "highly unlikely" that the person in the second photo was the same as the first woman. The fact-checker Logically AI also found the claim to be false. The woman, Olena Kurilo, was also captured in a video after the airstrike and shown to have the injuries. Channels are not fully encrypted, end-to-end. All communications on a Telegram channel can be seen by anyone on the channel and are also visible to Telegram. Telegram may be asked by a government to hand over the communications from a channel. Telegram has a history of standing up to Russian government requests for data, but how comfortable you are relying on that history to predict future behavior is up to you. Because Telegram has this data, it may also be stolen by hackers or leaked by an internal employee. At the start of 2018, the company attempted to launch an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) which would enable it to enable payments (and earn the cash that comes from doing so). The initial signals were promising, especially given Telegram’s user base is already fairly crypto-savvy. It raised an initial tranche of cash – worth more than a billion dollars – to help develop the coin before opening sales to the public. Unfortunately, third-party sales of coins bought in those initial fundraising rounds raised the ire of the SEC, which brought the hammer down on the whole operation. In 2020, officials ordered Telegram to pay a fine of $18.5 million and hand back much of the cash that it had raised. Since its launch in 2013, Telegram has grown from a simple messaging app to a broadcast network. Its user base isn’t as vast as WhatsApp’s, and its broadcast platform is a fraction the size of Twitter, but it’s nonetheless showing its use. While Telegram has been embroiled in controversy for much of its life, it has become a vital source of communication during the invasion of Ukraine. But, if all of this is new to you, let us explain, dear friends, what on Earth a Telegram is meant to be, and why you should, or should not, need to care.
from nl
