Individual messages can be fully encrypted. But the user has to turn on that function. It's not automatic, as it is on Signal and WhatsApp. Such instructions could actually endanger people — citizens receive air strike warnings via smartphone alerts. In 2018, Russia banned Telegram although it reversed the prohibition two years later. Telegram Messenger Blocks Navalny Bot During Russian Election Artem Kliuchnikov and his family fled Ukraine just days before the Russian invasion.
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