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微软宣布其首款量子芯片 Majorana 1

2025-02-20 15:56 by 勇者物语

微软宣布了其首款量子计算芯片 Majorana 1。微软表示,开发 Majorana 1 需要创造一种全新的物质状态,即所谓的“拓扑体”。量子计算机的核心是量子比特(qubits),这是量子计算中的信息单位,类似于今天计算机使用的二进制。问题在于,量子比特相当脆弱,并且对环境噪声非常敏感,可能导致计算错误或数据丢失——对于计算机来说是毁灭性的结果。这是量子计算目前发展缓慢的核心矛盾。为了解决这个问题,微软的量子芯片采用了一种全新的解决方案,通过创造所谓的“世界首个拓扑体”,得以观察和控制马约拉纳粒子,从而产生更可靠和可扩展的量子比特。微软透露这种拓扑体使用砷化铟(半导体)和铝(超导体),通过逐个原子设计和构建拓扑导体线材——所谓“量子时代的晶体管”。微软解释称,当拓扑导体线材被冷却到接近绝对零度并通过磁场调谐时,会在两端形成马约拉纳零能模(MZMs)。马约拉纳量子比特比其他替代品更稳定。它们快速、小巧且可以数字控制,并具有独特的属性,可以保护量子信息。

Nature:Interferometric single-shot parity measurement in InAs–Al hybrid devices
Microsoft:Microsoft unveils Majorana 1, the world’s first quantum processor powered by topological qubits

澎湃:全球首款拓扑架构量子芯片问世,微软称量子计算将在数年内实现

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微软宣布其首款量子芯片 Majorana 1

2025-02-20 15:56 by 勇者物语

微软宣布了其首款量子计算芯片 Majorana 1。微软表示,开发 Majorana 1 需要创造一种全新的物质状态,即所谓的“拓扑体”。量子计算机的核心是量子比特(qubits),这是量子计算中的信息单位,类似于今天计算机使用的二进制。问题在于,量子比特相当脆弱,并且对环境噪声非常敏感,可能导致计算错误或数据丢失——对于计算机来说是毁灭性的结果。这是量子计算目前发展缓慢的核心矛盾。为了解决这个问题,微软的量子芯片采用了一种全新的解决方案,通过创造所谓的“世界首个拓扑体”,得以观察和控制马约拉纳粒子,从而产生更可靠和可扩展的量子比特。微软透露这种拓扑体使用砷化铟(半导体)和铝(超导体),通过逐个原子设计和构建拓扑导体线材——所谓“量子时代的晶体管”。微软解释称,当拓扑导体线材被冷却到接近绝对零度并通过磁场调谐时,会在两端形成马约拉纳零能模(MZMs)。马约拉纳量子比特比其他替代品更稳定。它们快速、小巧且可以数字控制,并具有独特的属性,可以保护量子信息。

Nature:Interferometric single-shot parity measurement in InAs–Al hybrid devices
Microsoft:Microsoft unveils Majorana 1, the world’s first quantum processor powered by topological qubits

澎湃:全球首款拓扑架构量子芯片问世,微软称量子计算将在数年内实现

#科学

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You may recall that, back when Facebook started changing WhatsApp’s terms of service, a number of news outlets reported on, and even recommended, switching to Telegram. Pavel Durov even said that users should delete WhatsApp “unless you are cool with all of your photos and messages becoming public one day.” But Telegram can’t be described as a more-secure version of WhatsApp. 'Wild West' But because group chats and the channel features are not end-to-end encrypted, Galperin said user privacy is potentially under threat. The account, "War on Fakes," was created on February 24, the same day Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a "special military operation" and troops began invading Ukraine. The page is rife with disinformation, according to The Atlantic Council's Digital Forensic Research Lab, which studies digital extremism and published a report examining the channel. Telegram was co-founded by Pavel and Nikolai Durov, the brothers who had previously created VKontakte. VK is Russia’s equivalent of Facebook, a social network used for public and private messaging, audio and video sharing as well as online gaming. In January, SimpleWeb reported that VK was Russia’s fourth most-visited website, after Yandex, YouTube and Google’s Russian-language homepage. In 2016, Forbes’ Michael Solomon described Pavel Durov (pictured, below) as the “Mark Zuckerberg of Russia.”
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