Масштабы взаимодействия Китая с Африкой на примере строящихся и действующих железных дорог
Китайские проекты отмечены красным цветом, а все остальные — индийские (отмечены серым) и корейские (отмечены желтым).
По некоторым подсчетам: Китай профинансировал и находится в процессе финансирования 29 железнодорожных линий в Африке, в том числе заинтересован в инвестировании в проект высокоскоростного железнодорожного сообщения между Йоханнесбургом и Дурбаном.
Интересный факт: Африка стала вторым по величине получателем кредитов от Индии, поскольку Нью-Дели пытается догнать Пекин в расширении своего влияния на богатом ресурсами континенте.
Масштабы взаимодействия Китая с Африкой на примере строящихся и действующих железных дорог
Китайские проекты отмечены красным цветом, а все остальные — индийские (отмечены серым) и корейские (отмечены желтым).
По некоторым подсчетам: Китай профинансировал и находится в процессе финансирования 29 железнодорожных линий в Африке, в том числе заинтересован в инвестировании в проект высокоскоростного железнодорожного сообщения между Йоханнесбургом и Дурбаном.
Интересный факт: Африка стала вторым по величине получателем кредитов от Индии, поскольку Нью-Дели пытается догнать Пекин в расширении своего влияния на богатом ресурсами континенте.
Asked about its stance on disinformation, Telegram spokesperson Remi Vaughn told AFP: "As noted by our CEO, the sheer volume of information being shared on channels makes it extremely difficult to verify, so it's important that users double-check what they read." At the start of 2018, the company attempted to launch an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) which would enable it to enable payments (and earn the cash that comes from doing so). The initial signals were promising, especially given Telegram’s user base is already fairly crypto-savvy. It raised an initial tranche of cash – worth more than a billion dollars – to help develop the coin before opening sales to the public. Unfortunately, third-party sales of coins bought in those initial fundraising rounds raised the ire of the SEC, which brought the hammer down on the whole operation. In 2020, officials ordered Telegram to pay a fine of $18.5 million and hand back much of the cash that it had raised. "The inflation fire was already hot and now with war-driven inflation added to the mix, it will grow even hotter, setting off a scramble by the world’s central banks to pull back their stimulus earlier than expected," Chris Rupkey, chief economist at FWDBONDS, wrote in an email. "A spike in inflation rates has preceded economic recessions historically and this time prices have soared to levels that once again pose a threat to growth." Meanwhile, a completely redesigned attachment menu appears when sending multiple photos or vides. Users can tap "X selected" (X being the number of items) at the top of the panel to preview how the album will look in the chat when it's sent, as well as rearrange or remove selected media. On December 23rd, 2020, Pavel Durov posted to his channel that the company would need to start generating revenue. In early 2021, he added that any advertising on the platform would not use user data for targeting, and that it would be focused on “large one-to-many channels.” He pledged that ads would be “non-intrusive” and that most users would simply not notice any change.
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