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科学家发现赋予猫橙色皮毛的基因

2024-12-02 17:37 by 引路人

长期以来,科学家一直对玳瑁猫和印花布猫着迷——它们是黑猫和橘猫的后代。这种杂交的多色猫几乎都是雌性,表明使毛色变为橙色或黑色的基因变异位于 X 染色体上。包括人类在内的大多数哺乳动物中,红毛是由一种细胞表面蛋白 Mc1r 的突变引起,但是编码 Mc1r 的基因似乎并不能解释猫的橙色皮毛是从哪里来的。它不在猫或任何其他物种的 X 染色体上,而且大多数橙色的猫没有 Mc1r 突变。研究团队从动物诊所的猫身上收集了 4 个橙色和 4 个非橙色胎儿的皮肤样本。为了确定单个皮肤细胞如何表达基因,研究人员测量了每个黑素细胞产生的RNA的数量,并确定了它编码的基因。他们发现,橙色猫的黑色素细胞从一种名为 Arhgap36 的基因中产生的 RNA 是普通猫的 13 倍。该基因位于 X 染色体上。但当研究人员在橙色猫身上观察 Arhgap36 的基因序列时,没有发现编码 Arhgap36 蛋白的 DNA 有任何突变。相反他们发现橙色猫缺少附近的一段 DNA,这段 DNA 不会影响蛋白质的氨基酸成分,但可能参与调节细胞产生的氨基酸量。研究团队扫描了 188 只猫的基因组数据库,发现每只橘猫、印花布猫和玳瑁猫都有完全相同的突变。他们在 bioRxiv 上报告了这一发现。

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.21.624608v1.full.pdf
https://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2024/12/535040.shtm

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科学家发现赋予猫橙色皮毛的基因

2024-12-02 17:37 by 引路人

长期以来,科学家一直对玳瑁猫和印花布猫着迷——它们是黑猫和橘猫的后代。这种杂交的多色猫几乎都是雌性,表明使毛色变为橙色或黑色的基因变异位于 X 染色体上。包括人类在内的大多数哺乳动物中,红毛是由一种细胞表面蛋白 Mc1r 的突变引起,但是编码 Mc1r 的基因似乎并不能解释猫的橙色皮毛是从哪里来的。它不在猫或任何其他物种的 X 染色体上,而且大多数橙色的猫没有 Mc1r 突变。研究团队从动物诊所的猫身上收集了 4 个橙色和 4 个非橙色胎儿的皮肤样本。为了确定单个皮肤细胞如何表达基因,研究人员测量了每个黑素细胞产生的RNA的数量,并确定了它编码的基因。他们发现,橙色猫的黑色素细胞从一种名为 Arhgap36 的基因中产生的 RNA 是普通猫的 13 倍。该基因位于 X 染色体上。但当研究人员在橙色猫身上观察 Arhgap36 的基因序列时,没有发现编码 Arhgap36 蛋白的 DNA 有任何突变。相反他们发现橙色猫缺少附近的一段 DNA,这段 DNA 不会影响蛋白质的氨基酸成分,但可能参与调节细胞产生的氨基酸量。研究团队扫描了 188 只猫的基因组数据库,发现每只橘猫、印花布猫和玳瑁猫都有完全相同的突变。他们在 bioRxiv 上报告了这一发现。

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.21.624608v1.full.pdf
https://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2024/12/535040.shtm

#生物技术

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