The collection of essays provides an analysis of qualitative changes in the confi guration of international relations in the late 2010s – early 2020s. A wide range of factors infl uencing Russian foreign policy is analyzed. These include interactions within the triangle “Russia – China – USA”, the geopolitics of Greater Eurasia, problems of identity and historical memory, “soft power,” and political competition in the cyberspace. Particular attention is paid to the causes and probable consequences of the special military operation in Ukraine, as well as the background of the confl ict and post-confl ict settlement in the Western Balkans region.
The collection of essays provides an analysis of qualitative changes in the confi guration of international relations in the late 2010s – early 2020s. A wide range of factors infl uencing Russian foreign policy is analyzed. These include interactions within the triangle “Russia – China – USA”, the geopolitics of Greater Eurasia, problems of identity and historical memory, “soft power,” and political competition in the cyberspace. Particular attention is paid to the causes and probable consequences of the special military operation in Ukraine, as well as the background of the confl ict and post-confl ict settlement in the Western Balkans region.
The message was not authentic, with the real Zelenskiy soon denying the claim on his official Telegram channel, but the incident highlighted a major problem: disinformation quickly spreads unchecked on the encrypted app. Now safely in France with his spouse and three of his children, Kliuchnikov scrolls through Telegram to learn about the devastation happening in his home country. What distinguishes the app from competitors is its use of what's known as channels: Public or private feeds of photos and videos that can be set up by one person or an organization. The channels have become popular with on-the-ground journalists, aid workers and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who broadcasts on a Telegram channel. The channels can be followed by an unlimited number of people. Unlike Facebook, Twitter and other popular social networks, there is no advertising on Telegram and the flow of information is not driven by an algorithm. The gold standard of encryption, known as end-to-end encryption, where only the sender and person who receives the message are able to see it, is available on Telegram only when the Secret Chat function is enabled. Voice and video calls are also completely encrypted. As the war in Ukraine rages, the messaging app Telegram has emerged as the go-to place for unfiltered live war updates for both Ukrainian refugees and increasingly isolated Russians alike.
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