Буддийский паломник VII в. Сюаньцзан в описании своего паломничества 629-645 гг. (Да Тан Сиюй цзи 大唐西域記) именовал ключевых правителей "западных пределов" следующим образом: · правитель тюрков — повелитель коней (мачжу 馬主). · некий правитель Индии — повелитель слонов (сянчжу 象主). · правитель Персии, т.е. Сасаниды — повелитель драгоценностей (баочжу 寶主).
Китайский император, разумеется, был повелителем людей (жэньчжу 人主).
Буддийский паломник VII в. Сюаньцзан в описании своего паломничества 629-645 гг. (Да Тан Сиюй цзи 大唐西域記) именовал ключевых правителей "западных пределов" следующим образом: · правитель тюрков — повелитель коней (мачжу 馬主). · некий правитель Индии — повелитель слонов (сянчжу 象主). · правитель Персии, т.е. Сасаниды — повелитель драгоценностей (баочжу 寶主).
Китайский император, разумеется, был повелителем людей (жэньчжу 人主).
BY TUGARINOV
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Right now the digital security needs of Russians and Ukrainians are very different, and they lead to very different caveats about how to mitigate the risks associated with using Telegram. For Ukrainians in Ukraine, whose physical safety is at risk because they are in a war zone, digital security is probably not their highest priority. They may value access to news and communication with their loved ones over making sure that all of their communications are encrypted in such a manner that they are indecipherable to Telegram, its employees, or governments with court orders. Groups are also not fully encrypted, end-to-end. This includes private groups. Private groups cannot be seen by other Telegram users, but Telegram itself can see the groups and all of the communications that you have in them. All of the same risks and warnings about channels can be applied to groups. The gold standard of encryption, known as end-to-end encryption, where only the sender and person who receives the message are able to see it, is available on Telegram only when the Secret Chat function is enabled. Voice and video calls are also completely encrypted. Two days after Russia invaded Ukraine, an account on the Telegram messaging platform posing as President Volodymyr Zelenskiy urged his armed forces to surrender. In 2014, Pavel Durov fled the country after allies of the Kremlin took control of the social networking site most know just as VK. Russia's intelligence agency had asked Durov to turn over the data of anti-Kremlin protesters. Durov refused to do so.
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