«Однако идея о том, что в этот период ислам распространялся через странствующих суфиев, является чисто предположительной и не имеет под собой твердой основы. Те правдоподобные свидетельства, которые мы имеем относительно обращения караханидского правителя Сатук Богра-хана (ок. 955-60 гг.), указывают скорее на влияние мусульманского правоведа (факиха) или купца. Свидетельство Ибн Фадлана позволяет предположить, что важным мотивом принятия ислама тюркскими народами в целом было желание наладить связи с мусульманскими торговцами, которые пользовались немалым авторитетом среди кочевников».
Peter Jackson, The mongols and the Islamic world, p. 49
«Однако идея о том, что в этот период ислам распространялся через странствующих суфиев, является чисто предположительной и не имеет под собой твердой основы. Те правдоподобные свидетельства, которые мы имеем относительно обращения караханидского правителя Сатук Богра-хана (ок. 955-60 гг.), указывают скорее на влияние мусульманского правоведа (факиха) или купца. Свидетельство Ибн Фадлана позволяет предположить, что важным мотивом принятия ислама тюркскими народами в целом было желание наладить связи с мусульманскими торговцами, которые пользовались немалым авторитетом среди кочевников».
Peter Jackson, The mongols and the Islamic world, p. 49
BY Dervish seri📿
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Investors took profits on Friday while they could ahead of the weekend, explained Tom Essaye, founder of Sevens Report Research. Saturday and Sunday could easily bring unfortunate news on the war front—and traders would rather be able to sell any recent winnings at Friday’s earlier prices than wait for a potentially lower price at Monday’s open. On December 23rd, 2020, Pavel Durov posted to his channel that the company would need to start generating revenue. In early 2021, he added that any advertising on the platform would not use user data for targeting, and that it would be focused on “large one-to-many channels.” He pledged that ads would be “non-intrusive” and that most users would simply not notice any change. Since its launch in 2013, Telegram has grown from a simple messaging app to a broadcast network. Its user base isn’t as vast as WhatsApp’s, and its broadcast platform is a fraction the size of Twitter, but it’s nonetheless showing its use. While Telegram has been embroiled in controversy for much of its life, it has become a vital source of communication during the invasion of Ukraine. But, if all of this is new to you, let us explain, dear friends, what on Earth a Telegram is meant to be, and why you should, or should not, need to care. Groups are also not fully encrypted, end-to-end. This includes private groups. Private groups cannot be seen by other Telegram users, but Telegram itself can see the groups and all of the communications that you have in them. All of the same risks and warnings about channels can be applied to groups. Channels are not fully encrypted, end-to-end. All communications on a Telegram channel can be seen by anyone on the channel and are also visible to Telegram. Telegram may be asked by a government to hand over the communications from a channel. Telegram has a history of standing up to Russian government requests for data, but how comfortable you are relying on that history to predict future behavior is up to you. Because Telegram has this data, it may also be stolen by hackers or leaked by an internal employee.
from vn
