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πŸ‡±πŸ‡§ Дорогая ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π° @rumaanrimon пригласила ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° мою Π»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡƒ – ΠΎ политичСской систСмС Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π°! ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ части.

Однако ливанская ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° устроСна слоТно, Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎ нюансов, ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ я Π½ΠΈ старался Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎ всём, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π·Π° Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ.

Π’ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ части ΠΌΡ‹ обсудили Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ систСму (распрСдСлСниС власти ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΌ), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π€Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² создании Ливанской рСспублики ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ².

Π’ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ части ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ стоит Π·Π° расколом Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ 8 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° (Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π° ΠΈ союзники) ΠΈ 14 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° (ΠΈΡ… сопСрники), ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹.

КоС-ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅:


Ливанская ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° (1920β€”1943)

Elizabeth Thompson, Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilage, and Gender in French Syria and Lebanon

Raghid el-Solh, Lebanon and Arabism

Eyal Zisser, Lebanon: The Challenge of Independence

ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ рСспублика (1943–1975) ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ дошло Π΄ΠΎ граТданской Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ (1975–90)

Michael Hudson, The Precarious Republic

Fawwaz Traboulsi, A History of Modern Lebanon

Roger Owen (ed.), Essays on the Crisis in Lebanon

Farid el-Khazen, The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967-1976

ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ систСма послС граТданской Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹

Rola el-Husseini, Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon – ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ сирийской Π³Π΅Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ/ΠΎΠΊΠΊΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (Π΄ΠΎ 2005)

Tamirace Fakhoury MΓΌhlbacher, Democracy and Power-Sharing in Stormy Weather – Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· политичСской систСмы Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (дСмократия/автократия)

Are John Knudsen ΠΈ Tine Gade (eds.), Civil-Military Relations in Lebanon – сборник со ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Π£ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ интСрСсных ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, особСнно ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π² суннитской ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π΅

Melani Cammett, Compassionate Communalism: Welfare and Sectarianism in Lebanon – ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ распрСдСлСниС «услуг» Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΎΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ

Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° эксплуатируСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ

Sabrina Bonsen, Martyr Cults and Political Identities in Lebanon

Lucia Volk, Memorials and Martyrs in Modern Lebanon

Sune Haugbolle, War and Memory in Lebanon

Makram Rabah, Conflict on Mount Lebanon

Kamal Salibi, A House of Many Mansions

ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ΄Π°ΡΡ‚ доступСн Π½Π°
Apple Podcasts ΠΈ ЯндСкс.ΠœΡƒΠ·Ρ‹ΠΊΠ΅.



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πŸ‡±πŸ‡§ Дорогая ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π° @rumaanrimon пригласила ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° мою Π»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡƒ – ΠΎ политичСской систСмС Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π°! ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ интСрСсно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ части.

Однако ливанская ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° устроСна слоТно, Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎ нюансов, ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ я Π½ΠΈ старался Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎ всём, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π·Π° Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ.

Π’ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ части ΠΌΡ‹ обсудили Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ систСму (распрСдСлСниС власти ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΌ), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π€Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² создании Ливанской рСспублики ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ².

Π’ΠΎ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ части ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ стоит Π·Π° расколом Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡŽΠ·Ρ‹ 8 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° (Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π° ΠΈ союзники) ΠΈ 14 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° (ΠΈΡ… сопСрники), ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹.

КоС-ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅:


Ливанская ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° (1920β€”1943)

Elizabeth Thompson, Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilage, and Gender in French Syria and Lebanon

Raghid el-Solh, Lebanon and Arabism

Eyal Zisser, Lebanon: The Challenge of Independence

ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Π°Ρ рСспублика (1943–1975) ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ дошло Π΄ΠΎ граТданской Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹ (1975–90)

Michael Hudson, The Precarious Republic

Fawwaz Traboulsi, A History of Modern Lebanon

Roger Owen (ed.), Essays on the Crisis in Lebanon

Farid el-Khazen, The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967-1976

ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ систСма послС граТданской Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹

Rola el-Husseini, Pax Syriana: Elite Politics in Postwar Lebanon – ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ сирийской Π³Π΅Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ/ΠΎΠΊΠΊΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ (Π΄ΠΎ 2005)

Tamirace Fakhoury MΓΌhlbacher, Democracy and Power-Sharing in Stormy Weather – Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· политичСской систСмы Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (дСмократия/автократия)

Are John Knudsen ΠΈ Tine Gade (eds.), Civil-Military Relations in Lebanon – сборник со ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΡ‹. Π£ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ интСрСсных ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, особСнно ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π² суннитской ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π΅

Melani Cammett, Compassionate Communalism: Welfare and Sectarianism in Lebanon – ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π΅Ρ‚ распрСдСлСниС «услуг» Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΎΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ

Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½Π° эксплуатируСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ

Sabrina Bonsen, Martyr Cults and Political Identities in Lebanon

Lucia Volk, Memorials and Martyrs in Modern Lebanon

Sune Haugbolle, War and Memory in Lebanon

Makram Rabah, Conflict on Mount Lebanon

Kamal Salibi, A House of Many Mansions

ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ΄Π°ΡΡ‚ доступСн Π½Π°
Apple Podcasts ΠΈ ЯндСкс.ΠœΡƒΠ·Ρ‹ΠΊΠ΅.

BY Junger OrientalistπŸ•Š


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Soloviev also promoted the channel in a post he shared on his own Telegram, which has 580,000 followers. The post recommended his viewers subscribe to "War on Fakes" in a time of fake news. At the start of 2018, the company attempted to launch an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) which would enable it to enable payments (and earn the cash that comes from doing so). The initial signals were promising, especially given Telegram’s user base is already fairly crypto-savvy. It raised an initial tranche of cash – worth more than a billion dollars – to help develop the coin before opening sales to the public. Unfortunately, third-party sales of coins bought in those initial fundraising rounds raised the ire of the SEC, which brought the hammer down on the whole operation. In 2020, officials ordered Telegram to pay a fine of $18.5 million and hand back much of the cash that it had raised. These administrators had built substantial positions in these scrips prior to the circulation of recommendations and offloaded their positions subsequent to rise in price of these scrips, making significant profits at the expense of unsuspecting investors, Sebi noted. Telegram was co-founded by Pavel and Nikolai Durov, the brothers who had previously created VKontakte. VK is Russia’s equivalent of Facebook, a social network used for public and private messaging, audio and video sharing as well as online gaming. In January, SimpleWeb reported that VK was Russia’s fourth most-visited website, after Yandex, YouTube and Google’s Russian-language homepage. In 2016, Forbes’ Michael Solomon described Pavel Durov (pictured, below) as the β€œMark Zuckerberg of Russia.” The next bit isn’t clear, but Durov reportedly claimed that his resignation, dated March 21st, was an April Fools’ prank. TechCrunch implies that it was a matter of principle, but it’s hard to be clear on the wheres, whos and whys. Similarly, on April 17th, the Moscow Times quoted Durov as saying that he quit the company after being pressured to reveal account details about Ukrainians protesting the then-president Viktor Yanukovych.
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