Individual messages can be fully encrypted. But the user has to turn on that function. It's not automatic, as it is on Signal and WhatsApp. The gold standard of encryption, known as end-to-end encryption, where only the sender and person who receives the message are able to see it, is available on Telegram only when the Secret Chat function is enabled. Voice and video calls are also completely encrypted. Telegram was founded in 2013 by two Russian brothers, Nikolai and Pavel Durov. For example, WhatsApp restricted the number of times a user could forward something, and developed automated systems that detect and flag objectionable content. Perpetrators of such fraud use various marketing techniques to attract subscribers on their social media channels.
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