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πŸ‡±πŸ‡§ Π‘Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ» Π½Π° подкаст Β«ΠœΠ΅Π΄ΡƒΠ·Ρ‹Β» Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅. Если с Β«Π Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉΒ» ΠΌΡ‹ большС Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± истории Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‚ΠΎ с Β«ΠœΠ΅Π΄ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΉΒ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ скорСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ связях с Π˜Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ.

Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅

О Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ ΠΈ ливанских ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ…

Augustus Richard Norton, Hezbollah: A Short History. Автор ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ Π² ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π°, Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎ странС ΠΈ общался с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, активистами ΠΈ простыми Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ.

Помимо этой ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ исслСдованиС ΠΎ Π²Π·Π»Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ, Π”Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Амаль (Norton, Amal and the Shia).

Если Π²Π°ΠΌ интСрСсны ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Ρ‹, Joseph Alagha ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π» ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° английском ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Hezbollah’s Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto.

Fouad Ajami, The Vanished Imam β€” ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° посвящСна Π²Π·Π»Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠœΡƒΡΡ‹ Π‘Π°Π΄Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ стоял Ρƒ истоков Амаль. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° нСсколько ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² политичСском Β«ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ» ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² 1950β€”60-Ρ…, вСдь ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ (см. Rula J. Abisaab ΠΈ Malek Abisaab, The Shiites of Lebanon: Modernism, Communism, and Hizbullah’s Islamism).

Omri Nir, Lebanese Shiite Political Leadership, 1920β€”1970s ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ биография Набиха Π‘Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈ (Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ Амаль с 1980, спикСр ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с 1992 Π³.) β€” Nabih Berri and Lebanese Politics.

О Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с избиратСлями Π² Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π΅

Eduardo Wassim Aboultaif ΠΈ Paul Tabar, National versus Communal Memory in Lebanon β€” ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ свои вСрсии ливанской истории Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· символы ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Ρ‹.

Bassel Salloukh ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅, The Politics of Sectarianism in Postwar Lebanon β€” ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΏΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ идСнтичностями.

Melani Cammett, Compassionate Communalism β€” ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ «услуги» Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΎΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ.



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πŸ‡±πŸ‡§ Π‘Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ» Π½Π° подкаст Β«ΠœΠ΅Π΄ΡƒΠ·Ρ‹Β» Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅. Если с Β«Π Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉΒ» ΠΌΡ‹ большС Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± истории Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‚ΠΎ с Β«ΠœΠ΅Π΄ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΉΒ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ скорСС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π΅Ρ‘ связях с Π˜Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ.

Π§Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅

О Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ ΠΈ ливанских ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ…

Augustus Richard Norton, Hezbollah: A Short History. Автор ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ Π² ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π°, Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎ странС ΠΈ общался с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, активистами ΠΈ простыми Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ.

Помимо этой ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ исслСдованиС ΠΎ Π²Π·Π»Ρ‘Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ, Π”Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Амаль (Norton, Amal and the Shia).

Если Π²Π°ΠΌ интСрСсны ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π₯Π΅Π·Π±ΠΎΠ»Π»Ρ‹, Joseph Alagha ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π» ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° английском ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Hezbollah’s Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto.

Fouad Ajami, The Vanished Imam β€” ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° посвящСна Π²Π·Π»Ρ‘Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠœΡƒΡΡ‹ Π‘Π°Π΄Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ стоял Ρƒ истоков Амаль. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° нСсколько ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² политичСском Β«ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ» ΡˆΠΈΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² 1950β€”60-Ρ…, вСдь ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡŽ (см. Rula J. Abisaab ΠΈ Malek Abisaab, The Shiites of Lebanon: Modernism, Communism, and Hizbullah’s Islamism).

Omri Nir, Lebanese Shiite Political Leadership, 1920β€”1970s ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ биография Набиха Π‘Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈ (Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ Амаль с 1980, спикСр ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с 1992 Π³.) β€” Nabih Berri and Lebanese Politics.

О Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ с избиратСлями Π² Π›ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π΅

Eduardo Wassim Aboultaif ΠΈ Paul Tabar, National versus Communal Memory in Lebanon β€” ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ свои вСрсии ливанской истории Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· символы ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Ρ‹.

Bassel Salloukh ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅, The Politics of Sectarianism in Postwar Lebanon β€” ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΏΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ идСнтичностями.

Melani Cammett, Compassionate Communalism β€” ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ «услуги» Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΎΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ.

BY Junger OrientalistπŸ•Š


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During the operations, Sebi officials seized various records and documents, including 34 mobile phones, six laptops, four desktops, four tablets, two hard drive disks and one pen drive from the custody of these persons. At its heart, Telegram is little more than a messaging app like WhatsApp or Signal. But it also offers open channels that enable a single user, or a group of users, to communicate with large numbers in a method similar to a Twitter account. This has proven to be both a blessing and a curse for Telegram and its users, since these channels can be used for both good and ill. Right now, as Wired reports, the app is a key way for Ukrainians to receive updates from the government during the invasion. Since January 2022, the SC has received a total of 47 complaints and enquiries on illegal investment schemes promoted through Telegram. These fraudulent schemes offer non-existent investment opportunities, promising very attractive and risk-free returns within a short span of time. They commonly offer unrealistic returns of as high as 1,000% within 24 hours or even within a few hours. Oh no. There’s a certain degree of myth-making around what exactly went on, so take everything that follows lightly. Telegram was originally launched as a side project by the Durov brothers, with Nikolai handling the coding and Pavel as CEO, while both were at VK. In February 2014, the Ukrainian people ousted pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych, prompting Russia to invade and annex the Crimean peninsula. By the start of April, Pavel Durov had given his notice, with TechCrunch saying at the time that the CEO had resisted pressure to suppress pages criticizing the Russian government.
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