مقاله‌ی جالب ۲۰۲۲ که به نقد تقلیل اختلالات روانی به فرایند‌های بیولوژیک و تمرکز بر پیدا کردن مارکر‌های بیولوژیک برای آن‌ها می‌پردازد.
This perspective article critiques the ongoing search for reliable biomarkers to diagnose mental disorders, arguing that this effort is unlikely to succeed due to the heterogeneity of mental disorders and the complex relationship between psychological processes and biological states. The author contends that current mental health categories do not necessarily reflect distinct neurobiological features, challenging the assumption underlying many biomarker studies. The article concludes that mental disorders are brain disorders only in a weak sense of biologism, suggesting that psychiatry's taxonomic basis should not be purely biological but should also consider psychological and social factors.
مقاله‌ی جالب ۲۰۲۲ که به نقد تقلیل اختلالات روانی به فرایند‌های بیولوژیک و تمرکز بر پیدا کردن مارکر‌های بیولوژیک برای آن‌ها می‌پردازد.
This perspective article critiques the ongoing search for reliable biomarkers to diagnose mental disorders, arguing that this effort is unlikely to succeed due to the heterogeneity of mental disorders and the complex relationship between psychological processes and biological states. The author contends that current mental health categories do not necessarily reflect distinct neurobiological features, challenging the assumption underlying many biomarker studies. The article concludes that mental disorders are brain disorders only in a weak sense of biologism, suggesting that psychiatry's taxonomic basis should not be purely biological but should also consider psychological and social factors.
The gold standard of encryption, known as end-to-end encryption, where only the sender and person who receives the message are able to see it, is available on Telegram only when the Secret Chat function is enabled. Voice and video calls are also completely encrypted. Elsewhere, version 8.6 of Telegram integrates the in-app camera option into the gallery, while a new navigation bar gives quick access to photos, files, location sharing, and more. Groups are also not fully encrypted, end-to-end. This includes private groups. Private groups cannot be seen by other Telegram users, but Telegram itself can see the groups and all of the communications that you have in them. All of the same risks and warnings about channels can be applied to groups. As a result, the pandemic saw many newcomers to Telegram, including prominent anti-vaccine activists who used the app's hands-off approach to share false information on shots, a study from the Institute for Strategic Dialogue shows. For example, WhatsApp restricted the number of times a user could forward something, and developed automated systems that detect and flag objectionable content.
from tw
